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Contagio afectivo positivo en abejorros

José E Romero-González1, Zhenwei Zhuo2, Lulu Chen1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Multi-organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

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Los investigadores encontraron contagio afectivo positivo en abejorros, lo que demuestra que las emociones pueden transferirse entre abejas visualmente. Esto sugiere que el contagio afectivo es un mecanismo evolutivamente generalizado en insectos sociales y vertebrados.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ecología del comportamiento
  • El comportamiento de los insectos
  • Conocimiento social

Sus antecedentes:

  • El contagio afectivo, un aspecto clave de la empatía, está bien documentado en los vertebrados sociales.
  • Su presencia en los invertebrados, particularmente los insectos, sigue siendo en gran medida inexplorada.
  • Comprender el contagio afectivo en los insectos puede arrojar luz sobre la evolución de la sociabilidad y la empatía.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la existencia y los mecanismos de contagio afectivo en abejorros (Bombus terrestris).
  • Para determinar si los estados afectivos positivos pueden ser transferidos entre abejas individuales.
  • Explorar las modalidades sensoriales involucradas en esta transferencia afectiva.

Principales métodos:

  • Se empleó un paradigma de sesgo cognitivo utilizando abejorros entrenados y nuevos estímulos ambiguos (flores de colores).
  • Las abejas fueron expuestas a sus congéneres en un estado afectivo positivo o neutro.
  • El sesgo de juicio hacia estímulos ambiguos se midió como un indicador de transferencia de estado afectivo.

Principales resultados:

  • Los abejorros expuestos a un conspecífico en un estado afectivo positivo mostraron un sesgo de juicio significativamente positivo.
  • Estas abejas eran más rápidas y más propensas a interactuar con señales florales ambiguas.
  • La transferencia afectiva ocurrió incluso sin contacto físico, lo que sugiere una transmisión visual.

Conclusiones:

  • El contagio afectivo positivo está presente en los abejorros, un insecto social.
  • El contagio afectivo puede ser un mecanismo conservado y evolucionariamente extendido entre vertebrados sociales e insectos.
  • Este hallazgo tiene implicaciones para comprender la evolución de la empatía y el comportamiento social en los insectos.