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Corazones de León: Uso del Marco de Mapeo de Intervenciones para Desarrollar un Programa CrossFit Basado en la
Janette Watkins1, Janelle Goss1, Kelton Mehls2
1Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 11, 2025
Resumen
El programa Corazones de León utiliza un enfoque centrado en la familia para aumentar la actividad física en madres e hijos, con el objetivo de reducir el riesgo de enfermedades crónicas en todas las generaciones. Esta intervención basada en CrossFit se enfoca en determinantes clave del comportamiento para mejoras sostenibles de la salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública
- Ciencia Conductual
- Ciencia del Ejercicio
Sus antecedentes:
- La inactividad física es un importante factor de riesgo de enfermedades crónicas en todos los grupos de edad.
- Las madres con niños pequeños enfrentan obstáculos específicos para hacer ejercicio, como la falta de tiempo y la fatiga.
- Los recursos comunitarios de acondicionamiento físico existentes pueden aprovecharse para promover la salud familiar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Describir el desarrollo del programa Corazones de León utilizando el marco de Mapeo de Intervenciones (IM).
- Crear una intervención multigeneracional centrada en la familia que integre actividad física, entrenamiento de fuerza y educación para la salud.
- Abordar las barreras que enfrentan las madres para mantener la actividad física.
Principales métodos:
- El marco de Mapeo de Intervenciones (IM) guió el desarrollo del programa a través de la evaluación de necesidades, la creación de matrices, el diseño de la intervención y la producción del programa.
- Se creó un programa de 12 semanas, que incluía sesiones familiares de CrossFit, talleres sobre salud cardiovascular y desafíos basados en el hogar.
- Se empleó un modelo de capacitación de formadores para la impartición a través de afiliados locales.
Principales resultados:
- El marco IM facilitó la creación de una intervención teóricamente sólida dirigida a determinantes conductuales individuales, interpersonales y ambientales.
- Se desarrollaron modelos lógicos, matrices de cambio de comportamiento y materiales de implementación (manuales familiares, guías para entrenadores).
- La intervención integró con éxito la actividad física y la educación para la salud en un contexto familiar.
Conclusiones:
- Corazones de León ofrece una estrategia multigeneracional y escalable para la prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) utilizando la infraestructura comunitaria de acondicionamiento físico existente.
- La integración del programa en los sistemas familiares y las filiales de CrossFit proporciona un modelo sostenible para mejorar la actividad física.
- Corazones de León tiene como objetivo fortalecer los comportamientos de salud familiar y mitigar el riesgo intergeneracional de ECV.
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