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Método de Evaluación Basado en Imágenes para la Calidad de Forma de Agregados Apilados

Shaobo Ren1,2, Sheng Zeng3, Yi Zhou3

  • 1School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China.

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Este estudio presenta un método automatizado que utiliza imágenes digitales para evaluar la forma de los agregados gruesos, mejorando el control de calidad del pavimento. La nueva técnica ofrece una evaluación rápida y objetiva de la uniformidad del agregado, crucial para la construcción de carreteras duraderas.

Palabras clave:
forma del agregadoprocesamiento digital de imágenesestándar de evaluacióníndice de formaagregados apiladosdesviación estándar

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ingeniería Civil
  • Ciencia de los Materiales
  • Visión por Computadora

Sus antecedentes:

  • La forma del agregado grueso impacta significativamente el rendimiento y la durabilidad del pavimento.
  • La inspección manual de agregados consume mucho tiempo, es subjetiva y poco práctica para materiales a granel.
  • Se necesitan métodos objetivos y automatizados para un control de calidad eficiente en la producción de agregados.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar un método automatizado basado en imágenes digitales para evaluar la forma de agregados gruesos apilados.
  • Establecer un marco cuantitativo para evaluar la morfología del agregado y la calidad a nivel de lote.
  • Correlacionar la uniformidad de la forma del agregado con los indicadores de rendimiento del pavimento.

Principales métodos:

  • Preprocesamiento de imágenes que incluye conversión a escala de grises, ecualización del histograma y filtrado gaussiano.
  • Segmentación y reconstrucción de contornos utilizando el algoritmo de la envolvente convexa de Graham.
  • Extracción de parámetros morfológicos para calcular factores de forma y sus desviaciones estándar (σ).

Principales resultados:

  • Se desarrolló un nuevo sistema automatizado para evaluar la forma de los agregados gruesos.
  • Los errores relativos medios entre las mediciones automatizadas y manuales fueron inferiores al 15%.
  • Se identificó una fuerte correlación entre la desviación estándar del factor de forma (σ) y la calidad general de la forma, lo que condujo a tres categorías de calidad: excelente, buena y deficiente.

Conclusiones:

  • El marco propuesto impulsado por σ proporciona una evaluación rápida, cuantitativa y objetiva de la morfología del agregado.
  • Este método mejora los procesos prácticos de producción de agregados y control de calidad del pavimento.
  • La evaluación automatizada de la forma es esencial para garantizar la durabilidad y el rendimiento de los sistemas de pavimentación.