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Múltiples perpetradores de acoso: una exploración de los factores de riesgo y las consecuencias
Marcia Diaz1, Teresa Michelle Encalada2, Jamie L Flexon1
1Florida International University, Miami, USA.
Journal of interpersonal violence
|December 12, 2025
Resumen
El acoso con múltiples perpetradores (MPB) afecta a muchos niños, pero este estudio no encontró un daño mayor para las víctimas en comparación con los incidentes de un solo perpetrador. Se necesita más investigación para comprender estas dinámicas de acoso.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública
- Criminología
- Psicología Infantil
Sus antecedentes:
- El acoso es un problema de salud pública importante que afecta a más del 20% de los niños en edad escolar de EE. UU.
- Aproximadamente el 30% de las víctimas de acoso se enfrentan a múltiples perpetradores, lo que podría exacerbar los resultados negativos.
- Existe una investigación limitada sobre el impacto específico del acoso con múltiples perpetradores (MPB).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si el acoso con múltiples perpetradores (MPB) conduce a resultados adversos más graves que el acoso con un solo perpetrador.
- Identificar los factores de riesgo y los resultados de las víctimas asociados con el MPB.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Victimización del Delito de 2019, Suplemento sobre Delincuencia Escolar.
- Se empleó análisis de regresión para evaluar las variaciones en los factores de riesgo y los resultados adversos.
- Se compararon incidentes de acoso que involucran a múltiples perpetradores frente a un solo perpetrador.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las experiencias de las víctimas según el número de perpetradores.
- Inesperadamente, no se identificaron mayores daños para las víctimas de acoso con múltiples perpetradores (MPB) en comparación con los incidentes de un solo perpetrador.
- Los resultados de las víctimas no empeoraron significativamente con un mayor número de perpetradores.
Conclusiones:
- El número de perpetradores en incidentes de acoso no parece amplificar las consecuencias negativas para las víctimas.
- Los hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de reevaluar las suposiciones sobre la gravedad del acoso con múltiples perpetradores (MPB).
- Se discuten las implicaciones para la política de salud pública y las direcciones de investigación futuras.
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