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Redoxoma del Retículo Endoplasmático: Plegamiento de Proteínas y Más Allá

Percillia V S Oliveira¹, Tiphany C De Bessa¹, Francisco R M Laurindo¹

¹Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular (LVascBio), LIM-64, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05403-000, Brazil.

|December 12, 2025

Resumen

El retículo endoplasmático (RE) mantiene un entorno oxidante único crucial para el plegamiento de proteínas y la homeostasis redox. Este redoxoma del RE se extiende más allá de la célula, influyendo en la comunicación intercelular y la salud celular.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología Celular; Bioquímica; Biología Redox

Sus antecedentes:

El retículo endoplasmático (RE) es vital para el procesamiento de proteínas, y depende de un entorno redox específico.
Este entorno apoya la formación de enlaces disulfuro y el plegamiento de proteínas a través de varias oxidorreductasas.
El estado redox del RE está relacionado con la homeostasis celular y las respuestas al estrés.

Objetivo del estudio:

Proporcionar una visión general completa del redoxoma del RE.
Destacar el papel del RE en la comunicación redox intra e intercelular.
Introducir el concepto de redoxoma de alcance dependiente del RE (ERDOR).

Principales métodos:

Revisión y síntesis de la literatura existente sobre biología redox del RE.
Análisis de la interacción entre el estado redox del RE, los flujos de calcio y los contactos de los orgánulos.
Examen de la translocación de oxidorreductasas del RE y la señalización redox extracelular.

Principales resultados:

El RE mantiene un ambiente oxidante esencial para la formación de enlaces disulfuro y el procesamiento de proteínas.
Las vías de interacción que involucran a las PDIs y Ero1α regulan la homeostasis redox del RE.
El redoxoma del RE se extiende a otros orgánulos y al espacio extracelular (ERDOR) a través de la translocación de oxidorreductasas.
Los contactos de la membrana del RE y los flujos de calcio influyen significativamente en la dinámica redox del RE.
Las oxidorreductasas extracelulares del RE regulan los objetivos moleculares y forman redes redox peri/epicelulares.

Conclusiones:

El redoxoma del RE es un área emergente crítica para comprender la proteostasis redox.
Los mecanismos redox del RE son fundamentales tanto para la comunicación redox intracelular como intercelular.
El redoxoma de alcance dependiente del RE (ERDOR) extiende la influencia redox del RE más allá de la célula.

Palabras clave:

NADPH oxidasa NOX oxidantes fenotipo isómero de disulfuro de proteína células musculares lisas vasculares

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