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Interacciones recordadas entre padres e hijos que caracterizan los entornos familiares "de riesgo" tempranos

Christopher J Wendel¹, Jenny M Cundiff¹, Timothy W Smith²

¹Department of Psychology, University of Alabama.

Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy

|December 15, 2025

Resumen

Las interacciones hostiles entre padres e hijos en la primera infancia se relacionan con experiencias adversas en la infancia. Estas adversidades tempranas se asocian con problemas de salud posteriores, lo que resalta la importancia del entorno familiar.

Área de la Ciencia:

Psicología; Psicología del Desarrollo; Estudios sobre la Familia

Sus antecedentes:

Las experiencias adversas en la infancia (ACEs) se asocian con mala salud mental y física.; Las evaluaciones de ACEs existentes tienen limitaciones psicométricas.; Las interacciones entre padres e hijos son cruciales para comprender los resultados de salud.

Objetivo del estudio:

Examinar las interacciones específicas de comportamiento entre padres e hijos en la primera infancia.; Asociar estas interacciones con las experiencias adversas concurrentes en la infancia.; Investigar el papel del entorno familiar en el riesgo para la salud.

Principales métodos:

Participaron 180 estudiantes universitarios jóvenes adultos.; Se utilizó la regresión lineal para analizar las asociaciones entre los estilos de interacción entre padres e hijos (afiliación-hostilidad, autonomía-control) y las ACEs.; Las ACEs incluyeron abuso, negligencia y caos doméstico.

Principales resultados:

Una mayor hostilidad en las interacciones entre padres e hijos se asoció con un mayor número total de ACEs.; La hostilidad se correlacionó con el abuso, la negligencia y el caos doméstico.; Las asociaciones entre autonomía-control y las ACEs variaron según el subtipo de adversidad.

Conclusiones:

Los entornos familiares hostiles y distantes pueden contribuir a la exposición a las ACEs.; Los procesos interpersonales en la primera infancia son críticos para los resultados de salud.; Los hallazgos subrayan el impacto de las dinámicas familiares tempranas en el bienestar a largo plazo.

Palabras clave:

interacción padre-hijo entorno familiar experiencias adversas en la infancia riesgo para la salud desarrollo infantil

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