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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física
  • Dinámica de fluidos
  • Física de materia blanda

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los fluidos activos exhiben flujos caóticos a bajos números de Reynolds, denominados turbulencia activa.
  • Las propiedades estadísticas de la turbulencia activa se comprenden, pero la transición de flujo laminar a turbulento sigue sin estar clara.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la transición de flujo laminar a turbulento en nemáticas activas no acotadas y sin defectos.
  • Caracterizar la naturaleza de esta transición, ya sea continua o discontinua.

Principales métodos:

  • Simulaciones de un modelo mínimo para nemáticas activas.
  • Análisis de la velocidad cuadrática media, bistabilidad, histéresis y exponentes de Lyapunov de tiempo finito.

Principales resultados:

  • La transición a la turbulencia activa es discontinua, marcada por un salto en la velocidad cuadrática media.
  • Se observó bistabilidad e histéresis entre flujos laminares y caóticos.
  • Se identificó un número de actividad crítico (A* ≈ 4900) para la transición.
  • Se producen bifurcaciones subcríticas que conducen a oscilaciones y transitorios caóticos largos por debajo de la transición.

Conclusiones:

  • La transición a la turbulencia activa en nemáticas activas no acotadas es discontinua.
  • Es probable que las interacciones hidrodinámicas de largo alcance en el flujo de Stokes supriman la coexistencia espacial de los estados de flujo, lo que conduce a la transición discontinua.
  • Los hallazgos contrastan con las transiciones continuas en sistemas confinados.