Search research articles

ACERCA DE JoVE

Visión General Liderazgo Blog Centro de Ayuda JoVE

AUTORES

Proceso de Publicación Consejo Editorial Alcance y Políticas Revisión por Pares Preguntas Frecuentes Enviar

BIBLIOTECARIOS

Testimonios Suscripciones Acceso Recursos Consejo Asesor de Bibliotecas Preguntas Frecuentes

INVESTIGACIÓN

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archivo

EDUCACIÓN

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Centro de Recursos para Profesores Sitio de Profesores

Términos y Condiciones de Uso

Política de Privacidad

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom,...

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene

Bromination and chlorination of aromatic rings by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are easily achieved, but fluorination and iodination are difficult to achieve. Fluorine is so reactive that its reaction with benzene is difficult to control, resulting in poor yields of monofluoroaromatic products. To address this, Selectfluor reagent is used as a fluorine source in which a fluorine atom is bonded to a positively charged nitrogen.

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation

Electrophilic Addition of HX to 1,3-Butadiene: Thermodynamic vs Kinetic Control

Electrophilic Addition of HX to 1,3-Butadiene: Thermodynamic vs Kinetic Control

The addition of a hydrogen halide to 1,3-butadiene gives a mixture of 1,2- and 1,4-adducts. Since more substituted alkenes are more stable, the 1,4-adduct is expected to be the major product. However, the product distribution is strongly influenced by temperature; low temperature favors the 1,2-adduct, whereas the 1,4-adduct is predominant at high temperature.

También podría leer

Artículos Relacionados

Artículos vinculados a este trabajo por autores compartidos, revista y gráfico de citas.

Ordenar por

Same author

Structural Control of Dual Emission in Coumarin Fluorophores for Visualizing Protein Droplet Maturation.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same author

Cage-Type Porous Organic Salts as Ship-in-a-Bottle Nanoreactors for Light-Transparent and Reusable Molecular Photocatalysts.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same author

Downregulation of hepatic CYP3A isoforms by bardoxolone methyl in rats and its impact on in vivo metabolic capacity reflecting pharmacokinetics.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Kupffer Cell Capture-Evading Modifiable Sub-20 nm Lipid Nanodisc-Based <sup>19</sup>F Magnetic Resonance Imaging Probes.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

Ratiometric hydrostatic pressure sensing in water <i>via</i> dual emissions of a water-soluble donor-acceptor-donor triad.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same author

Dual-State Photophysical Modulation via Bifurcated Hydrogen Bonding in a U-Shaped Dipyridophenazine-Cored Donor-π-Acceptor-π-Donor Fluorophore.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025

Search research articles

Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Published on: June 10, 2021

El control de la rotación intramolecular con heterociclos de cinco miembros facilita el diseño de sondas

Shahi Imam Reja¹, Yuichiro Hori², Youhei Takeda³

¹Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|December 16, 2025

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron nuevas sondas fluorogénicas utilizando anillos de furano o tiofeno para mejorar las imágenes de células vivas. Estas sondas ofrecen altas relaciones señal-ruido y especificidad del objetivo sin lavado, lo que permite la visualización de procesos celulares y objetivos como el EGFR.

Más Videos Relacionados

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes

Published on: July 6, 2016

Microwave-assisted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes/Solvatochromic Dyes

Microwave-assisted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes/Solvatochromic Dyes

Published on: April 1, 2013

Videos de Experimentos Relacionados

Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Published on: June 10, 2021

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes

Published on: July 6, 2016

Microwave-assisted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes/Solvatochromic Dyes

Microwave-assisted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes/Solvatochromic Dyes

Published on: April 1, 2013

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología Química
Imágenes moleculares
Biotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

Las sondas fluorogénicas son cruciales para las imágenes biológicas sensibles y libres de fondo.
Las sondas existentes se enfrentan a desafíos en la relación señal-ruido, la especificidad y la permeabilidad de las células para aplicaciones sin lavado.

Objetivo del estudio:

Diseñar una nueva clase de fluoróforos fluorogénicos con mejor rendimiento para imágenes de células vivas.
Desarrollar sondas versátiles para diversos objetivos y aplicaciones celulares.

Principales métodos:

Incorporación de heterociclos de cinco miembros (furano, tiofeno) en el núcleo de xanteno para controlar la rotación intramolecular.
Diseño y síntesis de fluoróforos de carborodamina y rodamina de silicio sustituidos por furano y tiofeno.
Conjugación de fluoróforos con etiquetas de proteínas autoetiquetadas (HaloTag, etiqueta SNAP, etiqueta PYP) y inhibidores dirigidos (JQ1, gefitinib/erlotinib).

Principales resultados:

Se logra la activación de la fluorescencia independiente del equilibrio de la espirolactona mediante rotación intramolecular controlada.
Desarrolló sondas de alta permeabilidad sin lavar para HaloTag, SNAP-tag y PYP-tag, lo que permite la visualización de la dinámica del retículo endoplasmático.
Se han creado sondas de orientación de BRD4 y EGFR que demuestran una detección efectiva de la sobreexpresión de EGFR.

Conclusiones:

Una estrategia de diseño versátil basada en la rotación intramolecular controlada de los heterociclos produce sondas fluorogénicas innovadoras OFF / ON.
Este enfoque proporciona una plataforma robusta para la obtención de imágenes selectivas de células vivas sin lavado de diversos objetivos biológicos.