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Desarrollo de un servicio de FEES en Sudáfrica: reflexiones interdisciplinarias para la atención de la disfagia
Nancy Barber1, Timothy Capon, Marina De Lira de Gouveia
1Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. nancy.barber@wits.ac.za.
Resumen
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gestión de la Atención Sanitaria
- Diagnóstico Clínico
- Colaboración interprofesional
Sus antecedentes:
- La disfagia es un problema crítico en pacientes en estado crítico, lo que provoca complicaciones graves.
- El acceso limitado a las evaluaciones instrumentales de la deglución, como la FEES, en Sudáfrica dificulta el diagnóstico, especialmente en el sistema de salud pública.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reflexionar sobre la implementación de un servicio interdisciplinario de FEES en un hospital privado sudafricano.
- Para explorar perspectivas orientadas a mejorar la atención de la disfagia en diversos sectores sanitarios.
Principales métodos:
- Un enfoque duoetnográfico con coinvestigadores (logopedas y un otorrinolaringólogo).
- Recolección de datos mediante grupos focales y análisis mediante análisis temático reflexivo.
- Se aseguró la confiabilidad mediante la triangulación, la validación con los participantes y el análisis crítico por pares.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron seis temas: catalizadores del cambio, colaboración interprofesional, navegación de recursos, defensa de la FEES, mejora de la toma de decisiones y traducción al contexto más amplio.
- La FEES mejoró la precisión diagnóstica y fomentó la colaboración.
- Se ha demostrado un potencial escalable para los sistemas de salud pública.
Conclusiones:
- La implementación de la evaluación endoscópica de la deglución (FEES) interdisciplinaria en hospitales privados aporta lecciones valiosas para la atención sanitaria de Sudáfrica.
- La FEES es una opción diagnóstica rentable y accesible para la disfagia.
- Se recomienda una adopción más amplia de la FEES dentro del marco del Seguro Nacional de Salud de Sudáfrica.
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