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Promoción de cuidados paliativos primarios en Kenia occidental utilizando Project ECHO®
Hussein Elias1, Sarah Nyariki, Caitrin M Kelly
1Department of Family Medicine, Medical Education and Community Health, School of Medicine, Moi University, Eldoret Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Eldoret. hussein.elias3@gmail.com.
African journal of primary health care & family medicine
|December 17, 2025
Resumen
Project ECHO Palliative Care for Western Kenya mejoró el conocimiento y las habilidades de los proveedores de atención primaria en Kenia rural. Esta iniciativa mejoró la prestación de cuidados paliativos, pero puso de relieve la necesidad de más proveedores especialistas en cuidados paliativos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Educación Médica
- Salud Pública
- Cuidados Paliativos
Sus antecedentes:
- El acceso a los cuidados paliativos (PC) es limitado en la Kenia rural, y menos del 2% de los pacientes reciben atención.
- Los servicios de PC se concentran en áreas urbanas, dejando a los proveedores rurales con experiencia limitada.
- Existe una brecha significativa en la prestación de cuidados paliativos primarios para los kenianos con síntomas graves.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto de Project ECHO Palliative Care for Western Kenya en los proveedores de atención primaria.
- Evaluar las mejoras en el conocimiento, las habilidades y la confianza en cuidados paliativos entre los profesionales de la salud rural.
- Explorar el efecto del programa en la gestión colaborativa de la atención y el aislamiento profesional.
Principales métodos:
- Implementación de un modelo de centro y radios (hub-and-spoke) para la educación en cuidados paliativos en Kenia occidental.
- Utilización de la Universidad Moi y el Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital como base del programa.
- Evaluaciones autoinformadas por los proveedores de atención primaria que participan en las sesiones de capacitación mensuales.
Principales resultados:
- Project ECHO mejoró significativamente el conocimiento sobre PC, las habilidades clínicas y la confianza profesional.
- El programa disminuyó los sentimientos de aislamiento profesional entre los proveedores de atención médica rural.
- La capacitación fomentó una mayor gestión de la atención colaborativa entre los proveedores de atención primaria y los especialistas en PC.
Conclusiones:
- Los programas educativos mensuales son efectivos para expandir los servicios de cuidados paliativos primarios en entornos rurales.
- Si bien es beneficioso, el programa subraya la necesidad crítica de aumentar el número de proveedores especialistas en PC.
- El desarrollo coordinado de cuidados paliativos tanto primarios como especializados es esencial para obtener resultados óptimos para los pacientes.
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