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Transformación de residuos mineros en recursos: una revisión sobre construcción sostenible y utilización agrícola
Sathasivam Bommi1, Ettiyagounder Parameswari2, Periyasamy Dhevagi1
1Department of Environmental Science, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India.
Environmental geochemistry and health
|December 17, 2025
Resumen
Esta revisión explora usos sostenibles para residuos mineros en agricultura y construcción. Encuentra potencial para la mejora del suelo y materiales duraderos, pero destaca desafíos en la ampliación y gestión de riesgos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Ambientales
- Ciencia de Materiales
- Economía Circular
Sus antecedentes:
- La minería genera residuos sustanciales (relaves, escorias, etc.), lo que plantea riesgos ambientales, para la salud y económicos debido a la toxicidad y la inestabilidad.
- La valorización sostenible de estos subproductos es crucial para una economía circular y la gestión de recursos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar y evaluar vías sostenibles para la valorización de residuos mineros en agricultura y construcción.
- Identificar tendencias de investigación, puntos críticos y eficiencias de reutilización a través de meta-análisis y evaluación bibliométrica.
Principales métodos:
- Meta-análisis cuantitativo y evaluación bibliométrica de 181 publicaciones indexadas en Scopus (2010-2024).
- Examen crítico de las propiedades fisicoquímicas, el potencial de reutilización y el rendimiento del ciclo de vida de los principales subproductos mineros.
- Análisis de Evaluación del Ciclo de Vida (ACV) y Valor Actual Neto (VAN).
Principales resultados:
- Los residuos mineros pueden mejorar la fertilidad del suelo, ayudar en la remediación y secuestrar carbono en la agricultura.
- Los subproductos mejoran la resistencia mecánica y la durabilidad en materiales de construcción como geopolímeros, hormigón y ladrillos.
- La investigación indica importantes mejoras en la sostenibilidad, pero también compensaciones.
Conclusiones:
- La transformación de residuos mineros en recursos valiosos ofrece vías para el desarrollo bajo en carbono y el logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS).
- Los desafíos incluyen la escalabilidad, la estabilización de elementos peligrosos, los marcos regulatorios y la aceptación social.
- Se necesitan estrategias adicionales para superar estas barreras para una adopción generalizada.
Palabras clave:
aplicaciones agrícolaseconomía circularanálisis de ciclo de vidavalorización de residuos minerosrecuperación de recursosconstrucción sostenibleMás Videos Relacionados
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