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Un procesador atómico de 11 qubits en silicio

Hermann Edlbauer1, Junliang Wang1, A M Saffat-Ee Huq1

  • 1Silicon Quantum Computing Pty Ltd, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Nature
|December 17, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio demuestra un procesador cuántico de 11 qubits utilizando átomos de fósforo en silicio. Los investigadores lograron un entrelazamiento de alta fidelidad a través de múltiples registros de espín nuclear, un paso clave para la computación cuántica escalable.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La computación cuántica
  • Física atómica
  • Sistemas de estado sólido

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los espines nucleares de los átomos de fósforo en el silicio ofrecen largos tiempos de coherencia y un control de alta fidelidad para la computación cuántica.
  • El acoplamiento de múltiples átomos de fósforo a través de la interacción hiperfina permite el control de múltiples qubits y algoritmos cuánticos a pequeña escala.
  • El escalamiento de los procesadores cuánticos requiere extender el entrelazamiento de alta fidelidad no localmente a través de múltiples registros de espín.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar y demostrar un procesador de átomos de 11 qubits capaz de una alta fidelidad y un entrelazamiento no local.
  • Investigar el rendimiento de los registros de espín nucleares interconectados para el procesamiento de información cuántica.
  • Para avanzar hacia la computación cuántica tolerante a fallos utilizando procesadores atómicos.

Principales métodos:

  • Construyó un procesador de 11 qubits con dos registros de espín multi-nucleares vinculados por la interacción de intercambio de electrones.
  • Protocolos avanzados de calibración y control para lograr puertas de alta fidelidad de un solo y varios qubits.
  • Se realizó el entrelazamiento de pares de espín nuclear locales y no locales, incluida la generación de estados de Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ).

Principales resultados:

  • Logró fidelidades de puerta de un solo y varios qubits que oscilan entre el 99,10% y el 99,99%.
  • Demostrado estado de la técnica de Bell fidelidades de hasta el 99,5% para varias combinaciones de pares de espín.
  • Generó estados GHZ y mostró entrelazamiento de hasta ocho giros nucleares.

Conclusiones:

  • Funcionamiento establecido de alta fidelidad a través de registros de espín nuclear interconectados.
  • Realizó un hito significativo hacia la computación cuántica escalable y tolerante a fallos con procesadores atómicos.
  • La arquitectura del procesador y los métodos de control desarrollados son prometedores para las futuras tecnologías cuánticas.