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Evaluación de la prevalencia de la autoridad académica en estudiantes de odontología
Skylar Mai1, Erin Maruska2, Luma Odeh3
1School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Journal of dental education
|December 19, 2025
Resumen
La autoridad académica (AE) es prevalente en el 13,9% de los estudiantes de odontología. La mayoría de los factores demográficos no se correlacionaron con la AE, pero los estudiantes con dificultades académicas mostraron una tendencia hacia una mayor AE.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación en Educación Dental
- Psicología Estudiantil
- Métricas de Rendimiento Académico
Sus antecedentes:
- La autoridad académica (AE) es un constructo que puede influir en el comportamiento y los resultados de los estudiantes.
- Comprender la prevalencia y los correlatos de la AE es crucial para optimizar los entornos de educación dental.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la prevalencia de la autoridad académica (AE) entre los estudiantes de odontología de pregrado.
- Investigar la correlación entre la AE y el rendimiento académico y los factores demográficos en las escuelas de odontología de EE. UU.
Principales métodos:
- Dos instrumentos de encuesta validados evaluaron los niveles de AE en 502 estudiantes de odontología de cinco escuelas de odontología de EE. UU.
- Los estudiantes se dividieron en AE alta o baja según las puntuaciones medianas.
- Las puntuaciones de AE se correlacionaron con variables demográficas y académicas utilizando pruebas estadísticas (p < 0,05).
Principales resultados:
- Se logró una tasa de respuesta del 17% (502/2944).
- El 13,9% (70/502) de los estudiantes exhibió una alta AE, con temas comunes en torno a la preparación de exámenes y las expectativas de calificación.
- Los factores demográficos (edad, género, clase) y el estatus avanzado no se correlacionaron significativamente con la AE.
- La etnia mostró una correlación con un instrumento.
- Una tendencia no significativa indicó una mayor AE entre los estudiantes que informaron fallas en los exámenes o remediación de cursos.
Conclusiones:
- La prevalencia de la autoridad académica alta entre los estudiantes de odontología es relativamente baja, del 13,9%.
- La mayoría de las variables demográficas y del programa no mostraron una asociación significativa con los niveles de AE.
- Un vínculo potencial entre las dificultades académicas y una mayor AE justifica una mayor investigación en la educación dental.
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