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Mecanismo de acoplamiento continuo para la electrosíntesis de urea a alta velocidad en sitios de cobre adyacentes

Xiao Chen^1,2, Shuaiqiang Jia^1,2, Jianxin Zhai^1,2

¹Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

|December 19, 2025

Resumen

Este estudio presenta un catalizador novedoso a base de cobre para la síntesis eficiente de urea mediante la coelectrólisis de nitrato y dióxido de carbono. El catalizador demuestra un alto rendimiento y estabilidad, ofreciendo una solución sostenible para la valorización de residuos y la reducción de la huella de carbono.

Área de la Ciencia:

Electroquímica
Ciencia de Materiales
Catálisis

Sus antecedentes:

La producción de urea es crucial para la agricultura pero enfrenta desafíos de sostenibilidad.
La coelectrólisis de nitrato y dióxido de carbono ofrece una vía para la síntesis sostenible de urea.
Se necesitan electrocatalizadores eficientes para promover el acoplamiento C-N para la producción de urea.

Objetivo del estudio:

Diseñar un electrocatalizador eficiente para la síntesis de urea mediante la coelectrólisis de nitrato y dióxido de carbono.
Investigar el mecanismo catalítico para mejorar la producción de urea.
Lograr altas eficiencias de Faradaic y tasas de producción para la síntesis sostenible de urea.

Principales métodos:

Desarrollo de un catalizador de polímero de coordinación a base de cobre con sitios de Cu adyacentes coordinados con azufre.
Investigación del Mecanismo de Acoplamiento Continuo (CCM) para intermedios de reacción.
Pruebas electroquímicas para evaluar la eficiencia de Faradaic (FE) y la tasa de producción de urea.

Principales resultados:

El catalizador a base de Cu promueve eficazmente el acoplamiento C-N y la protonación.
Se logró una eficiencia de Faradaic ultra alta (84,9 ± 3,1%) y una tasa de producción (0,34 ± 0,012 mol h⁻¹ g⁻¹).
Se demostró una excelente estabilidad sin cambios notables en la FE durante al menos 90 ciclos.

Conclusiones:

El catalizador de polímero de coordinación a base de Cu diseñado es altamente eficiente para la síntesis de urea.
El Mecanismo de Acoplamiento Continuo (CCM) facilita la producción eficiente de urea.
Este enfoque ofrece una ruta sostenible para la valorización de residuos y el cierre de la huella de carbono.

Palabras clave:

mecanismo de acoplamiento continuo polímero de coordinación acoplamiento C-N sostenibilidad electrosíntesis de urea

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