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Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

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Disfunción del suelo pélvico en la menopausia: cribado, evaluación y manejo

Giulia Misasi¹, Ipek Betul Ozcivit Erkan², Eleonora Russo¹

¹Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism

|December 19, 2025

Resumen

Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las disfunciones del suelo pélvico (DSP) son comunes en mujeres de mediana edad debido al envejecimiento y la menopausia. El diagnóstico temprano y el tratamiento multidisciplinar son cruciales para mejorar la calidad de vida y manejar estas afecciones progresivas.

Palabras clave:

Disfunción del suelo pélvico deficiencia de estrógenos menopausia prolapso de órganos pélvicos incontinencia urinaria infecciones del tracto urinario

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Área de la Ciencia:

Salud de la Mujer
Gerontología
Ginecología

Sus antecedentes:

Las disfunciones del suelo pélvico (DSP) son prevalentes en mujeres de mediana edad, a menudo derivadas de factores genéticos, embarazo, envejecimiento y menopausia.
Estas afecciones, incluida la incontinencia urinaria y el prolapso, a menudo se diagnostican y tratan de forma insuficiente, lo que afecta significativamente la calidad de vida.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar el impacto de la menopausia y el envejecimiento en la disfunción del suelo pélvico.
Proporcionar una visión general de las estrategias de evaluación clínica y manejo para la DSP en mujeres posmenopáusicas.

Principales métodos:

Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed/MEDLINE y Cochrane Library hasta el 1 de marzo de 2025.
Las palabras clave incluyeron menopausia, envejecimiento, trastornos del suelo pélvico y síntomas genitourinarios.

Principales resultados:

La menopausia y el envejecimiento contribuyen a la DSP a través de la deficiencia de estrógenos, la atrofia muscular y la reducción del colágeno.
Esto conduce a afecciones como la incontinencia urinaria, el prolapso, la vejiga hiperactiva y una mayor susceptibilidad a las infecciones urinarias.

Conclusiones:

Las DSP en mujeres posmenopáusicas son crónicas y progresivas, lo que requiere una identificación temprana y un enfoque multidisciplinar.
El manejo futuro integrará IA, terapias personalizadas, concienciación pública y herramientas de salud digital para mejorar los resultados y reducir el estigma.