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Inscripción de niños en el programa de seguro médico infantil (CHIP) durante la reversión de Medicaid
Erica L Eliason1,2, Daniel B Nelson3, Aditi Vasan4,5
1Center for State Health Policy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Health services research
|December 19, 2025
Resumen
Niños
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación de servicios de salud
- Política de salud pública
- Seguro médico infantil
Sus antecedentes:
- La Ley de Respuesta al Coronavirus de las Familias Primero (FFCRA) suspendió temporalmente las bajas de Medicaid.
- La reversión de las disposiciones de inscripción continua presenta desafíos para mantener la cobertura de salud infantil.
- Es crucial comprender la dinámica de inscripción en Medicaid y el Programa de Seguro Médico Infantil (CHIP).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar los cambios en la inscripción de niños en Medicaid y CHIP durante el período de reversión de la FFCRA.
- Determinar si la inscripción en CHIP compensó las disminuciones en la inscripción en Medicaid.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos mensuales de inscripción infantil de 32 estados y el Distrito de Columbia (abril de 2023 - septiembre de 2024).
- Se emplearon modelos de probabilidad lineal con indicadores mensuales para estimar los cambios en la inscripción.
- Se diferenció el análisis por tipo de estructura de CHIP (combinado vs. expansión de Medicaid).
Principales resultados:
- La inscripción en Medicaid entre los niños disminuyó significativamente, del 48,1% al 41,2%.
- La inscripción en CHIP se mantuvo estable, fluctuando entre el 8,7% y el 8,6%.
- No se observó un aumento significativo en la inscripción en CHIP para compensar las disminuciones de Medicaid, particularmente en estados con CHIP combinado.
Conclusiones:
- Los niños experimentaron pérdidas sustanciales de inscripción en Medicaid durante la reversión sin ganancias correspondientes en CHIP.
- Existe una necesidad crítica de políticas para prevenir la rotación administrativa y garantizar la continuidad de la cobertura.
- Las transiciones fluidas entre Medicaid y CHIP son esenciales para la estabilidad del seguro médico infantil.
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