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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

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Sondear la dinámica de los electrones de valencia y el hidrógeno mediante imágenes de pares de carga con difracción

Tianyu Wang^1,2, Hui Jiang^1,2,3, Ming Zhang^1,2

¹Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center for IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai 200240, China.

Physical review letters

|December 19, 2025

Abstract:

A key challenge in ultrafast science has been to directly track the coupled motions of electrons and nuclei in real space and real time. This Letter presents a significant step toward this goal by demonstrating the feasibility of time-resolved real-space tracking of valence electron and hydrogen dynamics during the photodissociation of ammonia (NH_{3}) using MeV ultrafast electron diffraction. It is demonstrated that the enhanced temporal resolution, in conjunction with the analysis of the charge-pair distribution function, enables the disentanglement of the correlated motion of valence electrons and hydrogens in a photoexcited ammonia molecule. The methodology employed in this Letter, which utilizes the charge-pair distribution function from ultrafast electron scattering to retrieve intertwined electron and nucleus dynamics, may open up new opportunities in the study of quantum dynamics for a wide range of molecules.

Palabras clave:

difracción ultrarrápida de electrones dinámica de electrones dinámica de hidrógeno imágenes de pares de carga fotodisociación de amoníaco dinámica cuántica

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