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Pulmón blanco unilateral: timolipoma torácico

Aswathy Sabu¹, Abisho R Starlet², Mayank Mishra³

¹Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.

BMJ case reports

|December 19, 2025

Resumen

Se diagnosticó un timolipoma raro, un tumor benigno del timo, en una adolescente con síntomas respiratorios. La extirpación quirúrgica condujo a la recuperación completa y al mantenimiento de la salud, lo que resalta el tratamiento eficaz para esta masa mediastínica.

Área de la Ciencia:

Cirugía torácica
Imagen diagnóstica
Patología

Sus antecedentes:

Las masas mediastínicas pueden presentarse con diversos síntomas, afectando la función respiratoria.
El timolipoma, un raro tumor benigno de origen tímico, requiere un diagnóstico y manejo precisos.
Los pacientes adolescentes con dificultad respiratoria necesitan una investigación rápida de posibles patologías torácicas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Presentar un caso de timolipoma en una adolescente con compromiso cardiorrespiratorio significativo.
Ilustrar el proceso diagnóstico y el manejo quirúrgico exitoso de un gran timolipoma mediastínico anterior.
Enfatizar el pronóstico favorable a largo plazo tras la escisión completa del timolipoma.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de la presentación clínica, incluyendo ortopnea y disnea de esfuerzo.
Evaluación radiológica mediante radiografía de tórax y TC con contraste.
Examen histopatológico tras biopsia guiada por ecografía y escisión quirúrgica.

Principales resultados:

Se identificó una masa masiva en el mediastino anterior que contenía grasa, causando desplazamiento traqueomedastinal contralateral.
La biopsia y la posterior histopatología confirmaron el diagnóstico de timolipoma.
La escisión quirúrgica completa a través de esternotomía resultó en una recuperación clínica y radiológica completa.

Conclusiones:

El timolipoma debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de las masas mediastínicas anteriores, especialmente en pacientes jóvenes con síntomas respiratorios.
La imagen multimodal y la biopsia son cruciales para un diagnóstico preciso.
La resección quirúrgica completa es curativa y ofrece un excelente resultado a largo plazo.

Palabras clave:

Hemitorax opaco Tumores torácicos Timolipoma Pulmón blanco

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