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Origen endógeno y/o exógeno de metabolitos fenólicos en humanos (proyecto ENDOPHENOL): protocolo de estudio para un

Laila Zeraik¹, Alice Rosi¹, Daniele Del Rio^1,2

¹Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

|December 20, 2025

Resumen

Este estudio investiga los catabolitos fenólicos de bajo peso molecular (LMWP) y sus orígenes. Los hallazgos ayudan a diferenciar las contribuciones dietéticas frente a las endógenas de LMWP a la salud y la nutrición.

Área de la Ciencia:

Bioquímica nutricional
Metabolómica
Nutrición humana

Sus antecedentes:

Los (poli)fenoles de la dieta se metabolizan en catabolitos fenólicos de bajo peso molecular (LMWP) en el colon.
Los LMWP pueden contribuir significativamente a la actividad biológica de los alimentos ricos en (poli)fenoles.
El metabolismo endógeno también produce LMWP, lo que podría llevar a una sobreestimación de las contribuciones dietéticas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Caracterizar los LMWP en muestras biológicas mediante técnicas metabolómicas.
Distinguir los orígenes de los LMWP: dietéticos (del café) versus endógenos.
Investigar los factores que influyen en la variabilidad interindividual en el metabolismo de los fenoles, incluida la microbiota intestinal y los polimorfismos genéticos.

Principales métodos:

Un ensayo cruzado, aleatorizado y controlado con 30 adultos sanos.
Los participantes siguieron una dieta muy baja en (poli)fenoles y restringieron la actividad física durante 5 días.
Consumo de café (fuente de (poli)fenoles de la dieta) o agua caliente (control) el día 3.

Principales resultados:

El análisis metabolómico diferenciará la producción de LMWP en condiciones dietéticas controladas.
Se evaluará la variabilidad interindividual en los perfiles de LMWP.
El estudio tiene como objetivo cuantificar la contribución del consumo de café a los LMWP circulantes.

Conclusiones:

Esta investigación aclarará los orígenes de los LMWP, distinguiendo las fuentes dietéticas de las endógenas.
Los hallazgos mejorarán la comprensión del papel de los LMWP en la nutrición y la salud.
Las ideas obtenidas ayudarán a evaluar con precisión los beneficios para la salud de los alimentos que contienen (poli)fenoles.

Palabras clave:

Polifenoles Fenoles endógenos Metabolismo Metabolómica Microbiota

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