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Próxima generación de fotosensibilizadores supramoleculares basados en autoensamblaje dirigido por coordinación para

Chonglu Li¹, Junhua Zhang², Qiao Song²

¹Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Sponsored by the Healthy Hubei Development and Social Progress Research Center of the Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.

Acta biomaterialia

|December 20, 2025

Resumen

Los fotosensibilizadores supramoleculares (PS) ofrecen terapias biomédicas avanzadas al generar especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS) bajo luz. El ensamblaje dirigido por coordinación mejora la producción de ROS y la captación celular para tratamientos mejorados contra el cáncer y antibacterianos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ingeniería Biomédica
Ciencia de Materiales
Fotoquímica

Sus antecedentes:

Los fotosensibilizadores (PS) son cruciales para las terapias mediadas por luz, generando especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS) con un control preciso.
Los PS convencionales enfrentan desafíos como síntesis compleja, bajos rendimientos de ROS y apagamiento causado por la agregación.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar los avances recientes en fotosensibilizadores supramoleculares (PS) diseñados mediante autoensamblaje dirigido por coordinación.
Destacar sus principios fundamentales, estrategias sintéticas y aplicaciones en tratamientos contra el cáncer y antibacterianos.

Principales métodos:

Autoensamblaje dirigido por coordinación de aceptores metálicos y ligandos fotosensibilizadores.
Utilización de efectos de átomo pesado para mejorar el cruce intersistema y la generación de ROS.
Diseño de marcos rígidos y cargados para prevenir el apagamiento causado por la agregación y mejorar la captación.

Principales resultados:

Los PS supramoleculares exhiben una generación mejorada de ROS y una supresión del apagamiento causado por la agregación.
Las arquitecturas sintonizables mejoran la captación celular/bacteriana y la penetración terapéutica con ligandos de longitud de onda larga.
Se demostraron aplicaciones exitosas en bioimagen, terapia fotodinámica (PDT), quimioterapia e inmunoterapia.

Conclusiones:

Los PS supramoleculares presentan una plataforma poderosa para terapias biomédicas mediadas por luz.
Las estrategias de diseño racional están avanzando su traducción clínica para tratamientos multimodales.
El trabajo futuro debe centrarse en superar los desafíos restantes para un uso terapéutico más amplio.

Palabras clave:

Aplicaciones biomédicas Autoensamblaje dirigido por coordinación Especies reactivas de oxígeno PS supramoleculares

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