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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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Alteraciones en la microbiota intestinal en la espondilitis anquilosante y su correlación con la actividad de la
Hyemin Jeong1, Hoonhee Seo2, Sukyung Kim2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea.
Journal of microbiology and biotechnology
|December 21, 2025
Resumen
Los pacientes con espondilitis anquilosante (EA) muestran alteraciones en las bacterias intestinales, con mayor Proteobacteria y menor cantidad de microbios beneficiosos. La actividad de la enfermedad se correlaciona con una menor diversidad microbiana y un aumento de Coprobacter, un biomarcador potencial.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación de la microbiota
- Inmunología
- Gastroenterología
Sus antecedentes:
- La microbiota intestinal juega un papel crucial en la regulación del sistema inmunológico.
- Se observan disbiosis intestinal y disfunción inmune en la espondilitis anquilosante (EA).
- Comprender los cambios microbianos específicos de la EA es vital para identificar biomarcadores de la enfermedad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Caracterizar los perfiles microbianos intestinales distintivos en pacientes con espondilitis anquilosante (EA).
- Identificar biomarcadores microbianos asociados con la actividad de la enfermedad de la EA.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación del ARNr 16S de muestras de heces de 44 pacientes con EA y 50 controles sanos (CS).
- Evaluación de la diversidad alfa y beta microbiana.
- Análisis de correlación de la abundancia microbiana con las puntuaciones de actividad de la enfermedad (ASDAS-CRP, BASDAI).
Principales resultados:
- Los pacientes con EA exhibieron una diversidad beta alterada en comparación con los CS, con un aumento de Proteobacteria (Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacterales) y una disminución de taxones beneficiosos (Firmicutes, Faecalibacterium).
- En pacientes con EA, la alta actividad de la enfermedad se asoció con una menor diversidad alfa.
- La abundancia de Coprobacter spp. se correlacionó positivamente con las puntuaciones BASDAI y ASDAS-CRP.
Conclusiones:
- Los pacientes con espondilitis anquilosante tienen una composición de microbiota intestinal distinta caracterizada por una expansión de Proteobacteria y una reducción de bacterias beneficiosas.
- La reducción de la diversidad alfa en la EA se correlaciona con una mayor actividad de la enfermedad.
- Coprobacter spp. muestra potencial como biomarcador predictivo de la actividad de la enfermedad de la EA.
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