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La experiencia de los niños con ventilación no invasiva a largo plazo: un estudio cualitativo
Deborah Olmstead1,2, Allison Carroll3,4, Jennifer Klein5
1Respiratory Medicine, Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Frontiers in sleep
|December 22, 2025
Resumen
La ventilación no invasiva a largo plazo (VNI-LP) ofrece beneficios pero presenta desafíos para los niños y las familias. El equipo específico para pediatría y la colaboración son clave para optimizar su uso y mejorar la calidad de vida.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Atención respiratoria pediátrica
- Tecnología médica
- Experiencia del paciente
Sus antecedentes:
- La ventilación no invasiva a largo plazo (VNI-LP) es crucial para el manejo de afecciones respiratorias pediátricas.
- La optimización del uso de la VNI-LP requiere la comprensión de las experiencias del usuario.
- El equipo actual puede no satisfacer completamente las necesidades de los usuarios pediátricos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar factores que optimizan el uso de la ventilación no invasiva a largo plazo (VNI-LP) en niños.
- Explorar las experiencias vividas de los niños que usan VNI-LP y sus padres/tutores.
- Recopilar información para mejorar la terapia y el equipo de VNI-LP.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis cualitativo de marco de entrevistas de grupos focales con niños (8-12 años) y padres/tutores.
- Los participantes usaron VNI-LP durante al menos 3 meses.
- Análisis temático de los hallazgos codificados.
Principales resultados:
- Cuatro temas emergieron: la doble naturaleza de la VNI-LP (beneficios/desafíos), sentimientos de ser diferente, problemas de interfaz del equipo (mascarilla, humedad) y la necesidad de mejoras impulsadas por el usuario.
- Los niños y los padres destacaron desafíos emocionales, sociales y físicos.
- Se notó un impacto significativo del diseño y la función del equipo en la tolerancia y la adherencia.
Conclusiones:
- La VNI-LP mejora las vidas pero requiere compromiso; el equipo específico para pediatría es esencial.
- La colaboración entre proveedores de atención médica, niños y familias es vital para el éxito.
- La investigación futura y el desarrollo tecnológico deben incorporar las experiencias del usuario para mejorar la adherencia y los resultados de la VNI-LP.
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