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Más allá de las hemorragias, infecciones y daños a las estructuras circundantes: Desafíos y oportunidades al

Melanie L Fritz¹, Ana C De Roo¹

¹Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.

Clinics in colon and rectal surgery

|December 22, 2025

Resumen

La comunicación eficaz de los riesgos quirúrgicos es crucial para el consentimiento informado y la toma de decisiones compartida. Un nuevo marco ayuda a los pacientes a comprender las complicaciones raras dentro de su recuperación, mejorando el proceso de toma de decisiones quirúrgicas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ética médica
Comunicación con el paciente
Toma de decisiones quirúrgicas

Sus antecedentes:

El consentimiento informado y la toma de decisiones compartida son vitales en las consultas quirúrgicas.
La comunicación de riesgos eficaz es un desafío debido a la alfabetización en salud, los sesgos cognitivos y las emociones del paciente.
La comunicación clara apoya a los pacientes durante el período perioperatorio, especialmente con complicaciones raras.

Objetivo del estudio:

Proponer un marco para discutir los riesgos y desventajas de la cirugía.
Mejorar la comprensión del paciente sobre las complicaciones raras en el contexto de la recuperación.
Apoyar a los pacientes en el proceso de toma de decisiones y más allá.

Principales métodos:

Desarrollo de un marco conceptual.
Análisis de los desafíos de comunicación en la divulgación de riesgos quirúrgicos.
Integración de la trayectoria de recuperación en la discusión de riesgos.

Principales resultados:

Un marco propuesto contextualiza los riesgos quirúrgicos raros dentro de la recuperación esperada.
El marco tiene como objetivo mejorar la comprensión y la toma de decisiones del paciente.
La comunicación mejorada puede apoyar a los pacientes que enfrentan complicaciones raras.

Conclusiones:

La comunicación de riesgos eficaz es esencial para las decisiones quirúrgicas informadas.
Un enfoque contextualizado para discutir riesgos raros puede empoderar a los pacientes.
El marco propuesto ofrece un método novedoso para mejorar la comunicación entre el paciente y el proveedor en cirugía.

Palabras clave:

comunicación consentimiento informado pronóstico toma de decisiones compartida

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