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Avances en la investigación clínica sobre la enfermedad pulmonar intersticial

Xiao-Lian Zhou¹, Xiao-Bo Hu¹, Yong-Sheng Wang¹

¹Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University affiliated Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Frontiers in medicine

|December 22, 2025

Resumen

Esta revisión cubre los avances recientes en la enfermedad pulmonar intersticial (EPI), centrándose en la patogénesis, los diagnósticos y los tratamientos novedosos como la medicina de precisión y la terapia celular para la fibrosis pulmonar.

Área de la Ciencia:

Neumología
Enfermedades pulmonares fibróticas
Medicina traslacional

Sus antecedentes:

La enfermedad pulmonar intersticial (EPI) es un grupo complejo de trastornos pulmonares con una incidencia creciente.
La comprensión de la patogénesis de la EPI, incluidas las vías de señalización y el daño celular, es crucial para el desarrollo de terapias efectivas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar la investigación de vanguardia en EPI.
Destacar nuevas perspectivas sobre la patogénesis, los avances diagnósticos y las estrategias terapéuticas innovadoras.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de literatura de investigaciones recientes sobre EPI.
Exploración de vías de señalización clave (p. ej., TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenina) en la fibrosis pulmonar.
Análisis de biomarcadores novedosos para diagnóstico y monitoreo.
Examen de tratamientos emergentes que incluyen ensayos de fármacos, medicina de precisión y terapias regenerativas.

Principales resultados:

Se identificaron roles clave de las vías TGF-β y Wnt/β-catenina en la fibrosis.
Los biomarcadores novedosos muestran promesa para el diagnóstico y monitoreo de la EPI.
Las estrategias terapéuticas emergentes como la medicina de precisión y la terapia celular están avanzando.

Conclusiones:

Esta revisión proporciona la última base teórica e ideas terapéuticas para la práctica clínica de la EPI.
Los avances en la comprensión de la patogénesis, los diagnósticos y los tratamientos ofrecen una nueva esperanza para el manejo de la EPI.

Palabras clave:

biomarcadores progreso de vanguardia enfermedad pulmonar intersticial patogénesis medicina de precisión

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