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Actividades Intencionales de Autocuidado Mejoran las Puntuaciones de Comportamiento de Salud para Enfermeras: Un
The Journal of nursing administration
|December 22, 2025
Resumen
Las enfermeras registradas (ER) mostraron una mejor calidad de vida y bienestar después de un programa de bienestar corto y autodirigido. Este estudio destaca los beneficios de la motivación autónoma en las iniciativas de bienestar de enfermería.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermería
- Investigación en Servicios de Salud
- Investigación sobre Calidad de Vida
Sus antecedentes:
- Los profesionales de enfermería experimentan factores estresantes significativos que afectan su bienestar.
- La investigación existente sobre programas de bienestar para enfermeras muestra resultados inconclusos con respecto a la rentabilidad y los resultados.
- Existe la necesidad de explorar intervenciones efectivas y potencialmente de bajo costo para apoyar la salud del personal de enfermería.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el impacto de una intervención breve y autodirigida de autocuidado en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de las enfermeras registradas (ER).
- Evaluar los cambios en la calidad de vida autoevaluada después de una actividad de bienestar autoseleccionada de 2 semanas.
- Proporcionar evidencia de la eficacia de la motivación autónoma en el bienestar de enfermería.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio piloto prospectivo, no aleatorizado e intervencionista que involucra a enfermeras registradas (ER) en un hospital universitario.
- Los participantes completaron el RAND-36 de 36 ítems (RAND-36) al inicio y después de una actividad de autocuidado autoseleccionada de 2 semanas.
- El análisis de datos comparó las puntuaciones del RAND-36 pre y postintervención para evaluar los cambios en la calidad de vida.
Principales resultados:
- Un total de 121 ER se inscribieron, y 95 proporcionaron datos completos de referencia y seguimiento.
- No se observó ningún cambio significativo en la subescala de problemas de salud física.
- Se observaron mejoras estadísticamente significativas en el funcionamiento físico, el dolor, las percepciones generales de salud, la energía/fatiga, el funcionamiento social, los problemas de salud emocional y el bienestar emocional.
Conclusiones:
- Las actividades de bienestar autoseleccionadas impactaron positivamente la calidad de vida de las enfermeras, particularmente en los dominios de energía, social y emocional.
- Los programas a corto plazo que fomentan la motivación autónoma son prometedores como soluciones de bienestar rentables para los trabajadores de la salud.
- Se recomienda una mayor investigación para evaluar el impacto a largo plazo y la sostenibilidad de estas intervenciones.
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