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Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La desnutrición en la India rural se relaciona con una peor función cognitiva y estructura cerebral. El Índice de Riesgo Nutricional Geriátrico (GNRI) y la circunferencia del brazo medio-superior (MUAC) son indicadores clave para la salud cognitiva.

Palabras clave:
desnutriciónfunción cognitivaestructura cerebralIndia ruralGNRIMUAC

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Gerontología
  • Salud Pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • La desnutrición se asocia con el deterioro cognitivo, pero la investigación es limitada en poblaciones rurales no occidentales.
  • Comprender estas asociaciones en diversas demografías es crucial para las iniciativas de salud global.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la relación entre la desnutrición, el rendimiento cognitivo y la morfología cerebral en una cohorte rural del sur de la India.
  • Evaluar la eficacia de varios índices nutricionales para identificar a las personas en riesgo.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis transversal de 3687 adultos no demenciados (mayores de 45 años) del estudio CBR-SANSCOG.
  • Estado nutricional evaluado mediante el Índice de Riesgo Nutricional Geriátrico (GNRI), el Índice Nutricional Pronóstico (PNI), la puntuación del Índice de Control del Estado Nutricional (CONUT), el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la circunferencia del brazo medio-superior (MUAC).
  • Función cognitiva evaluada mediante el Examen Mental Hindi (HMSE) y las pruebas COGNITO; morfología cerebral analizada mediante RM en un subconjunto (n=1150).

Principales resultados:

  • El 8,8% - 19% de los participantes presentaban riesgo de desnutrición según diferentes índices.
  • El GNRI mostró la mejor concordancia con el Índice Combinado Estándar (SCI).
  • Se encontraron asociaciones positivas entre el GNRI, el IMC, la MUAC, el rendimiento cognitivo y la morfología cerebral.
  • La MUAC demostró una relación más fuerte con los dominios cognitivos que el IMC.

Conclusiones:

  • El Índice de Riesgo Nutricional Geriátrico (GNRI) predice de manera confiable el rendimiento cognitivo y la estructura cerebral.
  • La circunferencia del brazo medio-superior (MUAC) es un indicador simple y rentable para identificar a los indios rurales en riesgo de deterioro cognitivo.