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Salud Pública

Lesley A Ross1, Alyssa A Gamaldo1, Hye Won Chai1

  • 1Clemson University, Institute for Engaged Aging, Seneca, SC, USA.

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|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La recopilación remota de datos es factible para ensayos clínicos, mostrando baja deserción y alta adherencia a pesar de los desafíos técnicos. Estos métodos mejoran el reclutamiento y la retención para protocolos complejos, especialmente en adultos de mediana edad.

Palabras clave:
ensayos clínicosrecopilación remota de datosentrenamiento cognitivosalud públicaadherenciadeserción

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ensayos clínicos
  • Recopilación remota de datos
  • Entrenamiento cognitivo

Sus antecedentes:

  • La recopilación remota de datos amplía el acceso a la investigación para poblaciones con limitaciones de movilidad o tiempo.
  • La utilización de diversas modalidades remotas (pasivas y activas) enriquece la calidad y la precisión de los datos.
  • Este estudio detalla el diseño, la metodología y la adherencia de dos ensayos controlados aleatorios que emplean múltiples técnicas remotas de recopilación de datos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar la factibilidad y la adherencia de la recopilación remota de datos en ensayos clínicos.
  • Examinar los moderadores y los mecanismos de los efectos del entrenamiento cognitivo en el funcionamiento diario.
  • Identificar los éxitos y los desafíos en la implementación de protocolos complejos de recopilación remota de datos.

Principales métodos:

  • Dos ensayos controlados aleatorios (EFIT y ENACT) que involucraron a 382 participantes de 55 a 85 años.
  • Recopilación de datos multimodal durante 6 a 9 meses, que incluyó evaluaciones basadas en computadora portátil, evaluaciones diarias de momento ecológico (EMA) con teléfono inteligente y medidas opcionales de biomarcadores/neuroimagen.
  • Los participantes participaron en entrenamiento cognitivo y completaron de forma remota diversas evaluaciones cognitivas, de estilo de vida, psicosociales y de salud.

Principales resultados:

  • Se observaron bajas tasas de deserción (15 % - 29 %) en todos los estudios.
  • Alta adherencia (>90 %) a las evaluaciones en computadora portátil y EMA, con datos faltantes principalmente debido a problemas técnicos.
  • Las razones comunes de deserción incluyeron el compromiso de tiempo, la aversión a la intervención y las dificultades tecnológicas.

Conclusiones:

  • La recopilación remota de datos es un método factible para protocolos complejos de ensayos clínicos.
  • La retroalimentación de los participantes y del personal destaca las áreas de mejora en futuros estudios remotos.
  • Los métodos remotos ofrecen una herramienta valiosa para reclutar y retener a adultos de mediana edad en estudios de identificación temprana y prevención de la enfermedad de Alzheimer y demencias relacionadas.