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Salud Pública
Murilo Bastos1, Fernando Sluchensci Dos Santos1, Michael Pereira Da Silva2
1State University of the Midwest, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
Resumen
La prevalencia de demencia en adultos mayores brasileños fue del 6,75%, vinculada a menor educación, niveles altos de azúcar en sangre y fragilidad. El cribado temprano en atención primaria es crucial para controlar los factores de riesgo de demencia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gerontología y Salud Pública; Neurociencia y Epidemiología
Sus antecedentes:
- La población mundial en envejecimiento experimenta un aumento de enfermedades crónicas, incluida la demencia.
- La enfermedad de Alzheimer es la forma más común de demencia, sin cura y con tratamientos farmacológicos limitados.
- Las estrategias de prevención y la identificación de factores de riesgo son críticas para el manejo de la demencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la demencia e identificar factores asociados en adultos mayores que asisten a servicios de atención primaria de salud en Paraná, Brasil.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos secundarios de una iniciativa de cribado de demencia de 2023 en 14 unidades básicas de salud.
- Se empleó la Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) para la evaluación de la prevalencia de demencia.
- Se aplicó Regresión Logística Ordinal con remuestreo de bootstrap para analizar los factores asociados.
Principales resultados:
- Se examinaron 370 adultos mayores (edad media 69,9 años, 42,6% mujeres).
- La prevalencia de demencia fue del 6,75%.
- Se encontraron asociaciones significativas: inversa con la educación (OR 0,45), positiva con la glucemia capilar alterada (OR 20,18) y positiva con la fragilidad (OR 2,03).
Conclusiones:
- La prevalencia de demencia en esta población brasileña de atención primaria es comparable a las tasas globales.
- La baja educación, la glucemia capilar alterada y la fragilidad son factores clave asociados con la demencia.
- Los hallazgos respaldan la literatura científica existente y resaltan la importancia del cribado y el manejo de los factores de riesgo.
Palabras clave:
Salud PúblicaDemenciaAncianosBrasilPrevalenciaAtención PrimariaFactores de RiesgoFragilidadMás Videos Relacionados
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