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Salud Pública

Murilo Bastos1, Fernando Sluchensci Dos Santos1, Michael Pereira Da Silva2

  • 1State University of the Midwest, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil.

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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La prevalencia de demencia en adultos mayores brasileños fue del 6,75%, vinculada a menor educación, niveles altos de azúcar en sangre y fragilidad. El cribado temprano en atención primaria es crucial para controlar los factores de riesgo de demencia.

Palabras clave:
Salud PúblicaDemenciaAncianosBrasilPrevalenciaAtención PrimariaFactores de RiesgoFragilidad

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología y Salud Pública; Neurociencia y Epidemiología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La población mundial en envejecimiento experimenta un aumento de enfermedades crónicas, incluida la demencia.
  • La enfermedad de Alzheimer es la forma más común de demencia, sin cura y con tratamientos farmacológicos limitados.
  • Las estrategias de prevención y la identificación de factores de riesgo son críticas para el manejo de la demencia.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar la demencia e identificar factores asociados en adultos mayores que asisten a servicios de atención primaria de salud en Paraná, Brasil.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizaron datos secundarios de una iniciativa de cribado de demencia de 2023 en 14 unidades básicas de salud.
  • Se empleó la Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) para la evaluación de la prevalencia de demencia.
  • Se aplicó Regresión Logística Ordinal con remuestreo de bootstrap para analizar los factores asociados.

Principales resultados:

  • Se examinaron 370 adultos mayores (edad media 69,9 años, 42,6% mujeres).
  • La prevalencia de demencia fue del 6,75%.
  • Se encontraron asociaciones significativas: inversa con la educación (OR 0,45), positiva con la glucemia capilar alterada (OR 20,18) y positiva con la fragilidad (OR 2,03).

Conclusiones:

  • La prevalencia de demencia en esta población brasileña de atención primaria es comparable a las tasas globales.
  • La baja educación, la glucemia capilar alterada y la fragilidad son factores clave asociados con la demencia.
  • Los hallazgos respaldan la literatura científica existente y resaltan la importancia del cribado y el manejo de los factores de riesgo.