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Salud Pública

Simeng Cui1, Qiumin Qu1, Suhang Shang1

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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La edad influye en la relación entre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el deterioro cognitivo. Un IMC bajo (<25 kg/m²) aumentó el riesgo de deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores (≥60 años), pero el IMC no mostró una asociación significativa en adultos de mediana edad (40-59 años).

Palabras clave:
Salud PúblicaEpidemiologíaEnvejecimientoDeterioro CognitivoÍndice de Masa CorporalFactores de Edad

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología y Salud Cognitiva
  • Epidemiología del Envejecimiento
  • Salud Pública y Nutrición

Sus antecedentes:

  • Investigar la relación entre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el deterioro cognitivo es crucial para comprender las poblaciones que envejecen.
  • La investigación previa no ha dilucidado completamente los matices dependientes de la edad de esta asociación en comunidades rurales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar la relación dependiente de la edad entre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el deterioro cognitivo.
  • Analizar esta asociación en una población rural de 40 años o más.

Principales métodos:

  • Se estudió una cohorte de 1792 individuos de 40 años o más de dos aldeas rurales.
  • Los datos recopilados incluyeron datos demográficos, estilo de vida, historial médico y exámenes físicos/bioquímicos.
  • La función cognitiva se evaluó utilizando el Mini-Examen del Estado Mental (MMSE); los análisis incluyeron regresión logística, splines cúbicos restringidos y análisis estratificado por grupos de edad (40-59 vs. ≥60).

Principales resultados:

  • Se diagnosticó deterioro cognitivo en 230 sujetos (12,8%).
  • En general, se observó una correlación no lineal significativa entre el IMC y el deterioro cognitivo (Poverall=0,023).
  • En personas de ≥60 años, un IMC bajo (<25 kg/m²) se asoció con un mayor riesgo de deterioro cognitivo (Poverall=0,038), mientras que no se encontró una asociación significativa en el grupo de edad de 40-59 años (Poverall=0,722).

Conclusiones:

  • La edad modifica significativamente la relación entre el IMC y el deterioro cognitivo.
  • Se sugirió un efecto protector de un IMC más alto (≥25 kg/m²) contra el deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores, mientras que el IMC no fue un factor significativo para la función cognitiva en adultos de mediana edad.
  • Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de las consideraciones específicas de la edad en las estrategias de salud cognitiva relacionadas con el IMC.