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Salud Pública

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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El ronquido impacta negativamente la función cognitiva y la memoria en hombres, pero puede mejorar la atención en mujeres con el tiempo. Se necesita más investigación sobre las diferencias de sexo en el ronquido

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología y Neurociencia Cognitiva; Medicina del Sueño y Neurodegeneración

Sus antecedentes:

  • La apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) se relaciona con el deterioro cognitivo, pero el impacto específico del ronquido, un síntoma clave de la AOS, sigue siendo poco explorado.
  • Investigar el efecto del ronquido en la función cognitiva es crucial para comprender el deterioro cognitivo relacionado con el sueño en adultos mayores.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar la asociación longitudinal entre el ronquido y la función cognitiva en adultos mayores.
  • Explorar posibles diferencias de sexo y edad en la relación entre el ronquido y la cognición.

Principales métodos:

  • Un estudio de cohorte de siete años (2015-2022) de 440 adultos de 65 años o más de las Iniciativas de Taiwán para la Investigación Epidemiológica Geriátrica.
  • Función cognitiva (global, memoria, atención, función ejecutiva, lenguaje) evaluada mediante MoCA-T y pruebas neuropsicológicas al inicio y en seguimientos.
  • Datos de ronquido recopilados a través del Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh; análisis estadístico mediante modelos mixtos lineales generalizados con ajustes por covariables.

Principales resultados:

  • El ronquido no se asoció significativamente con el rendimiento cognitivo general ni con dominios específicos en la cohorte general.
  • En los hombres, el ronquido se relacionó con una peor cognición global a lo largo del tiempo y un deterioro de la memoria al inicio del estudio.
  • En personas mayores de 74 años, el ronquido mostró una interacción significativa con el tiempo, prediciendo un declive en la cognición global.

Conclusiones:

  • El ronquido afecta negativamente la cognición global y la memoria en los hombres, mientras que puede mejorar la atención en las mujeres con el tiempo.
  • Existen diferencias sexuales significativas en la asociación entre el ronquido y las trayectorias cognitivas.
  • Se necesita más investigación para dilucidar los mecanismos detrás de los efectos específicos del sexo del ronquido en la función cognitiva.