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Salud Pública

Han Tong1, Ana W Capuano1, Puja Agarwal1

  • 1Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La baja ingesta de sodio en la dieta, no la alta ingesta, se asocia con un deterioro cognitivo más rápido en adultos mayores, afectando particularmente la memoria y la velocidad de percepción. Se recomienda una mayor investigación sobre la neuropatología de la demencia y el sodio.

Palabras clave:
Salud PúblicaDeterioro CognitivoAdultos MayoresIngesta de SodioMemoriaVelocidad de Percepción

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología; Neurociencia; Ciencia de la Nutrición

Sus antecedentes:

  • Existen hallazgos inconsistentes sobre el vínculo entre la ingesta de sodio en la dieta y la función cognitiva.; Este estudio investiga la asociación entre el consumo diario de sodio y el deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar la relación entre la ingesta diaria de sodio en la dieta y la tasa de deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad.

Principales métodos:

  • Se analizaron 1520 personas sin demencia del Rush Memory and Aging Project.; Se utilizaron evaluaciones cognitivas anuales y cuestionarios de frecuencia de alimentos para estimar la ingesta de sodio durante un seguimiento medio de 7,6 años.; Se utilizaron modelos mixtos lineales para evaluar las asociaciones entre los quintiles de ingesta de sodio basal y el deterioro cognitivo, ajustando por diversos factores de salud.

Principales resultados:

  • El quintil más bajo de ingesta de sodio (1764 mg/día) se asoció con un deterioro cognitivo global más rápido (p=0,009).; Esta asociación persistió después de ajustar por IMC, presión arterial, actividad física, calidad de la dieta e historial médico, pero no por el alelo APOE-ε4.; La baja ingesta de sodio también se relacionó con un deterioro más rápido en la memoria episódica, la memoria semántica y la velocidad de percepción.

Conclusiones:

  • La baja ingesta de sodio en la dieta, no la alta ingesta, se asocia con un deterioro cognitivo acelerado en adultos mayores.; El deterioro se observó particularmente en los dominios de la memoria y la velocidad de percepción.; Se requiere una mayor investigación para comprender la conexión entre la ingesta de sodio y las neuropatologías relacionadas con la demencia.