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Salud Pública

Madeline Gibson1, Katherine H Franks2, Ella Rowsthorn3

  • 1Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

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|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Una mayor variabilidad de la presión arterial en la mediana edad se asocia con una peor función cognitiva y ejecutiva. Este hallazgo sugiere que la variabilidad de la presión arterial es un indicador clave para la salud cognitiva más allá de las mediciones estándar.

Palabras clave:
variabilidad de la presión arterialdeterioro cognitivosalud cerebralriesgo de demenciamediana edadfunción ejecutiva

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurología
  • Cardiología
  • Gerontología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La hipertensión en la mediana edad es un factor de riesgo conocido de demencia, evaluado típicamente mediante mediciones de la presión arterial (PA) en la consulta.
  • Las lecturas estándar de la PA no capturan las fluctuaciones de la PA durante el día, lo que puede afectar la salud vascular.
  • El aumento de la variabilidad de la PA puede tensar el sistema vascular, afectando potencialmente la salud cerebral a largo plazo.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la asociación entre la variabilidad de la PA y la función cognitiva en adultos de mediana edad.
  • Determinar si la variabilidad de la PA es un predictor del rendimiento cognitivo independientemente de las medidas tradicionales de la PA.

Principales métodos:

  • Estudio transversal de 195 adultos (de 55 a 79 años) de la cohorte de Cerebro y Salud Cognitiva (BACH).
  • Se realizaron monitorización de la PA y evaluaciones neuropsicológicas.
  • Análisis estadístico mediante regresión lineal múltiple ajustada por covariables relevantes.

Principales resultados:

  • Una mayor variabilidad de la PA se asoció significativamente con puntuaciones cognitivas globales más bajas (p=0,006).
  • El aumento de la variabilidad de la PA se correlacionó con una peor función ejecutiva y memoria visual.
  • No se encontró una asociación significativa entre la variabilidad de la PA y la memoria verbal.

Conclusiones:

  • La variabilidad de la PA es un predictor independiente de deterioro cognitivo.
  • La variabilidad de la PA puede ofrecer información valiosa sobre la predicción de la salud cognitiva más allá de la PA de consulta.
  • Se justifica una mayor investigación para explorar el vínculo entre la variabilidad de la PA y el riesgo de demencia.