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Salud Pública

Fernando Sluchensci Dos Santos1, Renan Felipe Pereira Gonçalves1, Roberta Fabbri1

  • 1State University of the Midwest, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil.

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|December 23, 2025
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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio evaluó a personas de edad avanzada con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), encontrando un deterioro cognitivo severo en el 33%. Los bajos niveles de educación e ingresos se asociaron con etapas avanzadas de demencia en esta cohorte brasileña.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de AlzheimerDeterioro cognitivoFactores socioeconómicosPersonas de edad avanzadaBrasilSalud pública

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología
  • Neurología
  • Salud Pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es una causa principal de demencia a nivel mundial, afectando desproporcionadamente a las personas de edad avanzada y a las mujeres.
  • Los factores de riesgo para la EA incluyen la edad, el estilo de vida, la genética, los antecedentes familiares, la educación y los ingresos.
  • Este estudio se centró en los perfiles cognitivos y sociodemográficos de pacientes ancianos con EA que reciben apoyo familiar.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar el estado cognitivo de personas de edad avanzada diagnosticadas con enfermedad de Alzheimer.
  • Analizar las características sociodemográficas de este grupo de pacientes.
  • Explorar posibles correlaciones entre factores socioeconómicos y declive cognitivo en pacientes con EA.

Principales métodos:

  • Estudio observacional realizado en el estado de Paraná, Brasil, en 2023.
  • Los participantes fueron reclutados a través del sistema de salud pública.
  • La recopilación de datos incluyó cuestionarios y entrevistas semiestructuradas para la evaluación sociodemográfica y cognitiva.

Principales resultados:

  • Se analizaron 48 participantes de edad avanzada (edad media 79,28 años; 60,4% mujeres).
  • El 81,25% no había completado la educación primaria y el 54,16% de las familias ganaba más de cinco veces el salario mínimo.
  • Se encontró deterioro cognitivo severo (CDR 3) en el 33% de los participantes.

Conclusiones:

  • La estadificación de demencia severa (CDR 3) fue prevalente, potencialmente vinculada a bajos niveles de educación e ingresos.
  • La investigación epidemiológica es vital para comprender enfermedades crónicas como la EA.
  • Las estrategias de intervención temprana son cruciales para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con EA.