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Salud Pública

Claire C Meunier1, Paola Gilsanz2, María M M Corrada3

  • 1University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.

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|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El índice de masa corporal (IMC) muestra diferentes asociaciones con el declive de la memoria episódica verbal (MEV) en hombres y mujeres. La obesidad en la mediana edad se relacionó con un declive más rápido de la MEV en hombres, mientras que un IMC más alto en la mediana edad se relacionó con un declive más lento de la MEV en mujeres.

Palabras clave:
Salud PúblicaÍndice de masa corporalDeterioro cognitivoMemoria episódica verbalDiferencias de sexo/géneroAdultos mayoresEstudios de cohortesNeuropsicología

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia; Gerontología; Salud Pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las diferencias de sexo/género en el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la cognición se sugieren en investigaciones previas.; La asociación entre el IMC y el declive cognitivo entre géneros en adultos mayores diversos requiere una mayor investigación.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar cómo el IMC de mediana edad y de la vejez influyen en el declive cognitivo (memoria episódica verbal y función ejecutiva) en una población de adultos mayores racialmente diversa.; Investigar las posibles diferencias de sexo/género en estas asociaciones IMC-cognición.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizaron datos de 1.711 adultos mayores racial y étnicamente diversos de tres cohortes.; Se midió la memoria episódica verbal (MEV) y la función ejecutiva (FE) utilizando pruebas neuropsicológicas estandarizadas.; Se analizó el IMC de mediana edad y de la vejez utilizando puntos de corte específicos de raza y se emplearon modelos lineales mixtos para evaluar las diferencias de sexo/género en el declive cognitivo.

Principales resultados:

  • Ni el IMC de mediana edad ni el de la vejez se asociaron con el declive de la función ejecutiva en ningún grupo de género.; Las asociaciones entre el IMC de mediana edad (obeso, sobrepeso) y el IMC de sobrepeso en la vejez y el declive de la MEV difirieron según el género.; En las mujeres, un IMC más alto en la mediana edad se asoció con un declive más lento de la MEV; en los hombres, el IMC de obesidad en la mediana edad se relacionó con un declive más rápido de la MEV.

Conclusiones:

  • El IMC de mediana edad y de la vejez exhiben asociaciones diferenciales con el declive de la memoria episódica verbal en hombres y mujeres.; Estos hallazgos sugieren mecanismos biológicos potencialmente distintos que subyacen al envejecimiento cognitivo entre sexos/géneros.