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Salud Pública

Hanzhang Xu1, Brian C Mac Grory2, Uchechukwu Ikeaba2

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Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las infecciones por COVID-19 y bacterianas aumentan el riesgo de demencia post-accidente cerebrovascular en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo (ACV). Se necesita más investigación para confirmar la asociación entre COVID-19 y demencia después de un accidente cerebrovascular.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurología; Enfermedades Infecciosas; Gerontología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las complicaciones neurológicas afectan a uno de cada tres pacientes con COVID-19. El accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo (ACV) es una comorbilidad común de la COVID-19. El accidente cerebrovascular duplica el riesgo de demencia, y potencialmente lo aumenta aún más en pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo con COVID-19.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Estimar la incidencia de demencia post-ACV en pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo con COVID-19 y/o infecciones bacterianas. Comparar el riesgo de demencia en pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo con COVID-19, solo infección bacteriana o sin infección.

Principales métodos:

  • Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo utilizando datos de reclamaciones de Medicare vinculados. Se incluyeron pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo mayores de 66 años sin demencia pre-ACV (enero de 2020 - junio de 2021). Se realizó un seguimiento de los pacientes durante 12 meses después del alta para evaluar la demencia incidente utilizando códigos ICD-10.

Principales resultados:

  • Se analizaron 103.378 pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo; el 1,4% tuvo COVID-19 y el 5,9% tuvo infección bacteriana. Tasas de incidencia de demencia post-ACV: 0,011 (COVID-19), 0,011 (bacteriana), 0,010 (sin infección). La infección bacteriana aumentó significativamente el riesgo de demencia (RRA: 1,13); la COVID-19 mostró una tendencia similar, no significativa (RRA: 1,14).

Conclusiones:

  • Los pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo con infecciones bacterianas o COVID-19 exhibieron una mayor incidencia de demencia post-ACV. La infección por COVID-19 puede estar relacionada con un mayor riesgo de demencia después de un accidente cerebrovascular.