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Salud Pública

Christopher A Krause1, Alexa S Gonzalez1, Luis D Medina1,2

  • 1University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

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|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las preocupaciones subjetivas de memoria (SMC) están relacionadas con varios factores de riesgo, como la lesión cerebral traumática, la diabetes y el colesterol LDL. El impacto de estos factores varía según la edad y la etnia, lo que resalta la necesidad de enfoques personalizados para la salud cognitiva en poblaciones diversas.

Palabras clave:
envejecimiento cognitivopreocupaciones subjetivas de memoriafactores de riesgolesión cerebral traumáticadiabetescolesterol LDLsalud públicadiversidadmedicina de precisión

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Gerontología
  • Salud Pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las preocupaciones subjetivas de memoria (SMC) son posibles indicadores tempranos de la enfermedad de Alzheimer y demencias relacionadas (ADRD).
  • Investigaciones previas identificaron factores de riesgo para las ADRD, pero su asociación con las SMC en poblaciones diversas sigue siendo poco estudiada.
  • Este estudio examina los factores de riesgo del envejecimiento cognitivo y su relación con las SMC en adultos etnorraciales diversos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la relación entre los factores de riesgo conocidos del envejecimiento cognitivo y las preocupaciones subjetivas de memoria (SMC).
  • Analizar cómo difieren estas relaciones entre los grupos de edad y el estado etnoracial.
  • Identificar factores de riesgo específicos predictivos de las SMC en poblaciones adultas diversas.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de datos de participantes hispanos/latinoamericanos y negros no hispanos en el Health & Aging Brain Study - Health Disparities (HABS-HD).
  • Se utilizaron modelos de regresión anidados para evaluar el impacto de los factores de riesgo en la declaración de SMC.
  • Análisis estratificados por edad (≤65 y >65) y por estado etnorracial/preferencia lingüística.

Principales resultados:

  • Para adultos ≤65 años, la lesión cerebral traumática y la diabetes fueron predictores significativos de las SMC.
  • Para adultos >65 años, el estado de fumador predijo de forma única las SMC.
  • El colesterol de lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL-c) predijo las SMC en hispanos/latinoamericanos de habla inglesa.
  • La lesión cerebral traumática y la diabetes predijeron de forma única las SMC en participantes negros no hispanos.
  • Los síntomas depresivos predijeron consistentemente la declaración de SMC en todos los modelos.

Conclusiones:

  • Identificó factores de riesgo específicos asociados con las SMC en una muestra etnorracial diversa.
  • Demostró que la influencia de estos factores de riesgo está moderada por la edad y el estado etnorracial/idioma.
  • Sugiere que los determinantes no médicos de la salud pueden contextualizar aún más estos hallazgos e informar las estrategias de medicina de precisión.