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Salud Pública

Katalina F McInerney1,2, Andrew F Zaman3, Pedro R Mena2

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|December 23, 2025
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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las afecciones cardiovasculares y metabólicas aumentan el riesgo de deterioro cognitivo en adultos hispanos y afroamericanos. El control de estas afecciones es clave para la salud cerebral en estas comunidades.

Palabras clave:
Salud PúblicaDeterioro CognitivoEnfermedades CardiovascularesEnfermedades MetabólicasAdultos HispanosAdultos AfroamericanosFactores de RiesgoEnvejecimientoSalud Cerebral

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurología; Salud Pública; Gerontología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La salud cerebral está intrínsecamente ligada a las afecciones cardiovasculares y metabólicas.
  • El impacto de estas comorbilidades en el deterioro cognitivo en las poblaciones hispanas y afroamericanas sigue siendo poco estudiado.
  • Esta investigación investiga los efectos cognitivos de los problemas cardiovasculares y metabólicos en personas hispanas (HI) y afroamericanas (AA) que viven en la comunidad.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar el impacto cognitivo de las afecciones cardiovasculares y metabólicas.
  • Analizar la relación entre las comorbilidades médicas y el deterioro cognitivo en personas hispanas (HI) y afroamericanas (AA).
  • Identificar los factores de riesgo de deterioro cognitivo en entornos comunitarios diversos.

Principales métodos:

  • Se analizó una cohorte de 1908 participantes (890 HI, 1018 AA).
  • Los participantes se clasificaron como no afectados cognitivamente (NCI) o afectados cognitivamente (deterioro cognitivo leve [DCL] o enfermedad de Alzheimer [EA]).
  • Los modelos de regresión logística examinaron la influencia de la etnia, la edad, el sexo, la educación y los factores de riesgo cardiovascular/metabólico en el estado cognitivo.

Principales resultados:

  • Los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y metabólico aumentados se asociaron significativamente con una mayor probabilidad de deterioro cognitivo.
  • La edad avanzada, el sexo masculino y la etnia hispana también se relacionaron con un mayor riesgo de deterioro cognitivo.
  • Aunque no fue estadísticamente significativa, una mayor formación educativa mostró una tendencia hacia la protección cognitiva.

Conclusiones:

  • Las afecciones cardiovasculares y metabólicas elevan significativamente el riesgo de deterioro cognitivo en personas HI y AA que viven en la comunidad.
  • El riesgo observado no difirió significativamente entre los grupos HI y AA.
  • Aumentar la concienciación y el manejo de estos factores de riesgo modificables son cruciales para prevenir el deterioro cognitivo en estas poblaciones.