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Salud Pública

Shanshan Wang1, Uyen-Sa Nguyen1, Zhengyang Zhou1

  • 1University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.

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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los determinantes sociales de la salud (SDOH) están relacionados con el deterioro cognitivo, incluido el deterioro cognitivo leve (MCI) y la demencia. Estas asociaciones difieren significativamente entre grupos raciales y étnicos, lo que resalta la necesidad de intervenciones personalizadas.

Palabras clave:
determinantes sociales de la saluddeterioro cognitivodemenciadisparidades raciales y étnicassalud públicaintervenciones personalizadas

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Salud Pública
  • Sociología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los determinantes sociales de la salud (SDOH) impactan significativamente los resultados de salud.
  • El deterioro cognitivo, incluido el deterioro cognitivo leve (MCI) y la demencia, es una creciente preocupación de salud pública.
  • Existen disparidades raciales y étnicas en la salud cognitiva y la exposición a los SDOH.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la relación entre varios determinantes sociales de la salud (SDOH) y el deterioro cognitivo (MCI y demencia).
  • Determinar si estas asociaciones difieren entre las poblaciones hispanas, negras no hispanas y blancas no hispanas.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizaron datos del Health & Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD) con 3229 participantes.
  • Se definieron cinco dimensiones de desventajas de los SDOH: económicas, educativas, acceso a la atención médica, vecindario y sociales.
  • Se empleó regresión logística multinomial, controlando la edad, el sexo y el estado de APOE4.

Principales resultados:

  • Todas las cinco dimensiones de las desventajas de los SDOH se asociaron con un mayor riesgo de demencia y MCI.
  • Las asociaciones entre las desventajas de los SDOH y la demencia fueron más fuertes en los individuos no hispanos de raza negra.
  • Cuatro desventajas de los SDOH mostraron asociaciones más fuertes con MCI en los individuos no hispanos de raza blanca.
  • Se observó una relación dosis-respuesta entre el número de desventajas de los SDOH y el deterioro cognitivo.

Conclusiones:

  • Un amplio espectro de SDOH se asocia con el deterioro cognitivo.
  • La fuerza de las asociaciones de los SDOH con el deterioro cognitivo varía entre los grupos raciales/étnicos.
  • Son necesarias estrategias personalizadas para abordar los SDOH y mitigar las disparidades en la salud cognitiva.