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Salud Pública
Vishnu Mangalamchery1, Nalakath A Uvais2
1IQRAA International Hospital and Research Centre., Calicut, Kerala, India.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
Resumen
India está mejorando la atención a la demencia a través de nuevas políticas, mejorando el acceso y la capacitación de los trabajadores de la salud. Sin embargo, persisten los desafíos en el diagnóstico y la prestación de servicios, lo que requiere una mayor evaluación para una atención equitativa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública
- Gerontología
- Análisis de Políticas de Salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La demencia es un importante problema de salud pública en la India, que causa una discapacidad y dependencia significativas entre las personas mayores.
- Con 8,8 millones de afectados y una población que envejece, se proyecta que la prevalencia de la demencia aumentará drásticamente.
- Las iniciativas gubernamentales tienen como objetivo mejorar el acceso a servicios de atención a la demencia asequibles.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar las políticas del gobierno indio para la atención de la demencia.
- Evaluar las implicaciones de estas políticas en los servicios de atención a la demencia en la India.
Principales métodos:
- Una revisión narrativa de políticas nacionales de salud, informes gubernamentales y literatura revisada por pares.
- Búsquedas dirigidas en PubMed, bases de datos relevantes y sitios web gubernamentales de marcos y estrategias de atención a la demencia.
Principales resultados:
- El progreso incluye el Programa Nacional de Atención Médica para Personas Mayores (NPHCE) con servicios geriátricos y clínicas de memoria.
- La Ley de Salud Mental (2017) protege los derechos del paciente y promueve la atención comunitaria.
- El acceso financiero se mejora a través del Esquema Nacional de Protección de la Salud (Ayushman Bharat), y la detección temprana se apoya en el Programa Distrital de Salud Mental (DMHP).
Conclusiones:
- Las políticas de atención a la demencia en la India muestran tendencias positivas en el acceso a los servicios y la capacitación de los proveedores de atención médica.
- Persisten los desafíos de implementación, con brechas identificadas en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y prestación de servicios.
- La investigación adicional es crucial para evaluar la efectividad de las políticas y garantizar una atención equitativa a la demencia.
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