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Salud Pública
Hanke Heun-Johnson1, Bryan Tysinger1, Johanna Thunell1
1University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
Resumen
La atención de la demencia le cuesta a EE. UU. $232 mil millones en gastos médicos y $233 mil millones en atención no remunerada en 2025. Este estudio cuantifica los importantes impactos económicos y de calidad de vida de la demencia en los individuos y la sociedad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública; Economía de la Salud; Gerontología
Sus antecedentes:
- La demencia impone una carga económica sustancial a las personas, los compañeros de atención y la sociedad.; Las estimaciones existentes de los costos de la demencia carecen de representatividad nacional y de detalles completos.; Comprender el impacto económico de la demencia es crucial para desarrollar estrategias efectivas de prevención y tratamiento.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar estimaciones anuales completas y representativas a nivel nacional de los costos de la demencia en EE. UU.; Cuantificar diversos componentes de costos, incluidos la atención médica, la atención a largo plazo, la atención de cuidadores y la calidad de vida.; Rastrear los costos de la demencia a lo largo del tiempo para informar políticas e intervenciones.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos representativos a nivel nacional del Health and Retirement Study (HRS) y otras fuentes.; Se empleó el Modelo de Costo de la Demencia de EE. UU. (USCDM), un modelo de microsimulación dinámica.; Se estimaron los costos directos de atención médica y a largo plazo, los costos de atención de cuidadores no remunerada, la pérdida de ingresos y los impactos en la calidad de vida.
Principales resultados:
- En 2025, 5,6 millones de estadounidenses viven con demencia, lo que supone unos costos médicos y de atención a largo plazo de 232.000 millones de dólares.; La atención no remunerada asciende a 6.800 millones de horas, valorada en 233.000 millones de dólares, con 8.200 millones de dólares adicionales en pérdidas de ingresos para los cuidadores.; Se estima que las pérdidas significativas de calidad de vida ascienden a 302.000 millones de dólares para las personas con demencia y a 5.900 millones de dólares para los cuidadores.
Conclusiones:
- El USCDM ofrece una estimación nacional validada y completa de los costos de la demencia por tipo y pagador.; Estos hallazgos respaldan los esfuerzos para desarrollar la capacidad de investigación y política para reducir el impacto económico futuro de la demencia.; La evaluación precisa de los costos es vital para guiar la asignación de recursos y mejorar las estrategias de atención de la demencia.
Palabras clave:
Salud PúblicaEconomía de la SaludGerontologíaDemenciaCostos de Atención MédicaCosto de la EnfermedadAtención a Largo PlazoCuidadoresCalidad de VidaMás Videos Relacionados
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