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Salud Pública
Chinedu T Udeh-Momoh1,2, Jasmit Shah3, Litha Musili2
1Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
Resumen
Los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico como la hipertensión y la diabetes a menudo se subestiman en las poblaciones africanas, lo que aumenta el riesgo de demencia. Se necesitan estrategias específicas y culturalmente sensibles para mejorar la detección temprana y la equidad en la salud cerebral.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurología; Salud Pública; Genética
Sus antecedentes:
- Los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico (FRCM) están relacionados con el riesgo de demencia. Estas afecciones a menudo se subestiman en las poblaciones africanas. Este estudio aborda las disparidades en el diagnóstico de FRCM y el riesgo de demencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar las discrepancias entre los FRCM autoinformados y medidos en cohortes africanas y de la diáspora africana. Investigar los patrones específicos de sexo del subdiagnóstico de FRCM. Explorar las implicaciones para el riesgo de demencia y la equidad en la salud cerebral.
Principales métodos:
- Se analizaron datos de tres cohortes: Estudio de Demencia de Indianapolis-Ibadan (afroamericanos/nigerianos), AD-Detect Kenia y Brain Resilience Kenia. Se definió el subdiagnóstico como la ausencia autoinformada de hipertensión/diabetes a pesar de marcadores clínicos anormales (TAs, GFA). Se utilizó la regresión logística para evaluar las asociaciones específicas de sexo y demográficas.
Principales resultados:
- Subdiagnóstico generalizado de hipertensión y diabetes en todas las cohortes. El subdiagnóstico de hipertensión más común en hombres afroamericanos y de África oriental urbanos. El subdiagnóstico de diabetes más frecuente en hombres afroamericanos y africanos indígenas.
Conclusiones:
- El subdiagnóstico sistemático de FRCM en poblaciones africanas pone de relieve disparidades críticas en la identificación del riesgo de demencia. Necesidad urgente de estrategias de prevención adaptadas culturalmente, sensibles al género y geográficamente específicas. Abordar estas brechas es crucial para la equidad global en la salud cerebral en personas de ascendencia africana.
Palabras clave:
Salud PúblicaDemenciaHipertensiónDiabetesEquidad en la salud cerebralPoblaciones africanasFactores de riesgo cardiometabólicoPrevenciónDetección tempranaMás Videos Relacionados
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