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Funcionamiento reflexivo parental: Un estudio de hermanos en familias con niños autistas versus niños en desarrollo
Yael Enav1, Lee Barel Refaeli1, Ifah Levinger1
1School of Therapy, Counseling and Human Development, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, Israel.
Research in developmental disabilities
|December 23, 2025
Resumen
Los padres muestran un mayor funcionamiento reflexivo parental (PRF) para los niños autistas en comparación con los hermanos en desarrollo típico (TD). Las familias con niños autistas muestran patrones de PRF distintos, que afectan a ambos niños de manera diferente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología del Desarrollo
- Psicología Clínica
- Estudios de Familia
Sus antecedentes:
- El funcionamiento reflexivo parental (PRF) es crucial para comprender los estados mentales del niño.
- Estudios previos indican un aumento del PRF hacia los niños autistas en comparación con los hermanos en desarrollo típico (TD).
- Existe una investigación limitada sobre las variaciones de PRF en familias con y sin niños autistas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Replicar los hallazgos sobre las diferencias de PRF entre hermanos autistas y TD.
- Investigar cómo difieren las familias con y sin niños autistas en PRF.
- Explorar los patrones de PRF dentro de la familia en diversas estructuras familiares.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Funcionamiento Reflexivo Parental (PRFQ) y la Muestra de Habla de Cinco Minutos (FMSS-RF).
- Se evaluó a 30 padres con niños autistas y TD, y a 30 padres con solo niños TD (120 evaluaciones en total).
- Se emplearon ANOVAs unidireccionales y pruebas χ² para el análisis comparativo de PRF.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó un PRF significativamente mayor para los niños autistas en comparación con sus hermanos TD.
- Se observaron niveles elevados de PRF, incluidos modos de prementalización, en niños autistas.
- Las familias con niños autistas mostraron una prementalización consistente en ambos niños, a diferencia de las familias con solo niños TD.
Conclusiones:
- Los padres que crían niños autistas enfrentan demandas únicas, lo que influye en el PRF.
- Existen patrones de PRF distintos dentro de la familia en familias con niños autistas.
- Las posibles disparidades en el PRF pueden afectar a los hermanos TD, lo que requiere una mayor investigación y apoyo.
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