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Papá, ¡ni siquiera estoy haciendo nada!": una investigación cualitativa sobre la dinámica del juego entre padre e
Erhan Alabay1, Yüksel Kantekin Atabay2
1Department of Child Development, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye. erhan.alabay@sbu.edu.tr.
BMC psychology
|December 24, 2025
Resumen
Los padres a menudo dominan el juego preescolar, dirigiendo actividades y limitando la participación de los niños. Si bien algunos padres ofrecen apoyo motivacional, pocos fomentan activamente el juego autodirigido de los niños.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Desarrollo Infantil
- Estudios de Paternidad
- Investigación Cualitativa
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender la dinámica del juego entre padre e hijo es crucial para el desarrollo infantil.
- Investigaciones previas resaltan diversos estilos de participación paterna.
- Los años preescolares son un período crítico para el desarrollo de habilidades sociales y cognitivas a través del juego.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las dinámicas interactivas durante el juego entre padres y sus hijos en edad preescolar.
- Identificar comportamientos y actitudes paternas comunes durante el juego no estructurado.
- Explorar el impacto de los roles paternos en la participación de los niños en el juego.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó un diseño básico de investigación cualitativa.
- Datos recopilados a través de la observación y grabaciones de video de 10 díadas padre-hijo en un entorno hogareño.
- Se utilizó plastilina como actividad principal para el juego no estructurado.
Principales resultados:
- Los padres dirigieron frecuentemente el juego, usaron lenguaje imperativo e intervinieron verbal/físicamente.
- Se observaron roles paternos autoritarios, que potencialmente limitan el juego iniciado por el niño.
- Si bien algunos padres ofrecieron apoyo motivacional, capacidad de respuesta y preguntas orientadoras, esto fue infrecuente.
Conclusiones:
- Los padres a menudo adoptan roles centrales y autoritarios en el juego, lo que puede obstaculizar la autonomía de los niños.
- Se observaron comportamientos positivos en el juego como el apoyo motivacional y la capacidad de respuesta, pero no fueron generalizados.
- Se necesita más investigación para promover interacciones de juego más centradas en el niño.
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