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Ciencia básica y patogénesis
Andrea Suárez1, Alexandra N Melloni2,3,4, Bradley T Hyman2,3,4,5,6,7
1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 24, 2025
Resumen
Los investigadores crearon modelos de pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) utilizando células madre para estudiar una variante del gen CASP8. La edición genética CRISPR eliminó con éxito la variante en las células, allanando el camino para la investigación terapéutica en la EA.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurociencia
- Genética
- Biología de Células Madre
Sus antecedentes:
- La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es una causa principal de demencia con complejos fundamentos genéticos.
- Una variante de expansión de repetición CASP8 (CASP8-GGGAGA-AD-R1) está relacionada con un mayor riesgo de EA.
- El papel preciso de esta variante CASP8 en la patogénesis de la EA requiere una mayor investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y utilizar iPSC derivadas de pacientes para investigar los mecanismos patogénicos de la variante CASP8-GGGAGA-AD-R1 en la enfermedad de Alzheimer.
- Establecer líneas celulares isogénicas con la variante CASP8 editada con precisión utilizando tecnología CRISPR/Cas9.
- Analizar fenotipos moleculares y patogénicos relevantes para la enfermedad en cultivos neuronales derivados de estos modelos.
Principales métodos:
- Generación de iPSC de pacientes con EA con y sin la variante CASP8-GGGAGA-AD-R1, y de individuos de control.
- Desarrollo de sistemas CRISPR/Cas9 para la escisión dirigida de la expansión de repetición CASP8-GGGAGA-AD-R1.
- Validación de la eficiencia de la edición CRISPR/Cas9 en células HEK293T y iPSC mediante marcadores de fluorescencia y PCR de largo alcance.
Principales resultados:
- Se generaron con éxito líneas de iPSC de pacientes con EA y controles, confirmando la pluripotencia y los cariotipos normales.
- Se demostró la expresión y función exitosas de los componentes de CRISPR/Cas9 para dirigirse al locus de expansión de repetición CASP8.
- Se confirmó la escisión eficiente de la expansión de repetición CASP8 en células HEK293 utilizando el sistema CRISPR/Cas9 desarrollado.
Conclusiones:
- Los modelos de iPSC derivados de pacientes y la tecnología CRISPR/Cas9 proporcionan una plataforma potente para estudiar la variante CASP8-GGGAGA-AD-R1 en la EA.
- Se logró una escisión eficiente in vitro de la mutación CASP8, validando el enfoque de edición génica.
- Estudios futuros evaluarán el potencial terapéutico de la eliminación de la mutación para mitigar los fenotipos de la EA y dilucidar los mecanismos de la enfermedad.
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