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Dengue y Pancreatitis Aguda: Una Revisión Sistemática
Matteo Riccò1, Antonio Cascio2, Luca Pipitò2
1AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Servizio di Prevenzione e Sicurezza Negli Ambienti di Lavoro (SPSAL), Local Health Unit of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Tropical medicine and infectious disease
|December 24, 2025
Resumen
El virus del dengue (DENV) puede causar pancreatitis aguda, una complicación rara. La pancreatitis necrosante aguda es más grave que la pancreatitis intersticial aguda, lo que conduce a peores resultados y una mayor mortalidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermedades Infecciosas
- Gastroenterología
- Salud Pública
Sus antecedentes:
- La fiebre del dengue es una enfermedad febril común.
- La pancreatitis aguda es una complicación rara pero grave de la infección por el virus del dengue.
- Existen datos limitados sobre las características clínicas y los resultados de la pancreatitis aguda asociada al dengue.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente y caracterizar el espectro clínico de la pancreatitis aguda asociada al virus del dengue (DENV).
- Diferenciar entre la pancreatitis intersticial aguda y la pancreatitis necrosante aguda en la infección por DENV.
- Identificar los factores de riesgo y los resultados asociados con la pancreatitis aguda asociada a DENV.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices PRISMA.
- Se buscaron en PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, MedRxiv y BioRxiv informes de casos y series.
- Se incluyeron estudios con infección por DENV confirmada por laboratorio y diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron setenta casos de pancreatitis aguda asociada a DENV, predominantemente de Asia y América del Sur.
- La pancreatitis intersticial aguda (65,7%) fue más común que la pancreatitis necrosante aguda (34,3%).
- La pancreatitis necrosante aguda se relacionó con una mayor mortalidad (25,0%), fallo multiorgánico y hospitalización prolongada.
Conclusiones:
- La pancreatitis aguda asociada al virus del dengue requiere atención clínica.
- La pancreatitis necrosante aguda presenta complicaciones más graves y un peor pronóstico.
- El reconocimiento y manejo tempranos son cruciales para mejorar los resultados de los pacientes.
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