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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Joel Ramirez1,2, Vincent N Marraffino3, Oshin Vartanian4,5

  • 1Dr. Sandra E. Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La tripulación aérea militar canadiense presenta mayores hiperintensidades de la sustancia blanca (WMH) en comparación con los controles, lo que se relaciona con déficits cognitivos sutiles. Estos hallazgos sugieren que los factores estresantes ocupacionales pueden afectar la salud cerebral de la tripulación aérea.

Palabras clave:
hiperintensidades de la sustancia blancadéficits cognitivostripulación aérea militarestresores ocupacionalessalud cerebral

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia; Medicina Aeroespacial; Radiología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La tripulación aérea militar se enfrenta a estresores fisiológicos extremos (fuerzas G, hipoxia) que pueden causar disfunción cognitiva.; Estudios previos vincularon las hiperintensidades de la sustancia blanca (WMH) con el declive cognitivo en pilotos de la Fuerza Aérea de EE. UU.; Este estudio investigó la prevalencia de WMH y los correlatos cognitivos en la tripulación aérea de la Real Fuerza Aérea Canadiense (RCAF).

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Determinar la prevalencia de WMH en pilotos de combate y tripulación aérea de la RCAF.; Examinar la relación entre WMH y espacios perivasculares (PVS) agrandados con el rendimiento neurocognitivo.; Evaluar el impacto de los estresores ocupacionales en la salud cerebral de la tripulación aérea militar.

Principales métodos:

  • Se realizaron resonancias magnéticas cerebrales (3T) y evaluaciones neurocognitivas integrales al personal de la RCAF.; Un algoritmo validado cuantificó los volúmenes de WMH y PVS.; Se compararon los volúmenes de WMH y PVS con los controles, y se analizaron las asociaciones con la función cognitiva utilizando modelos de regresión.

Principales resultados:

  • La tripulación aérea de la RCAF mostró volúmenes significativamente mayores de WMH que los controles normales (497,62 mm³ frente a 158,58 mm³).; Las horas de vuelo de alto rendimiento se correlacionaron con un aumento de los volúmenes de PVS (r=0,352, p=0,022).; Las WMH se asociaron con puntuaciones más bajas en vocabulario, memoria visual a corto plazo y actualización de la memoria de trabajo.

Conclusiones:

  • La tripulación aérea de la RCAF presenta una mayor carga de WMH que los controles, lo que indica posibles cambios cerebrovasculares.; Los volúmenes aumentados de WMH, posiblemente por los estresores de vuelo, se correlacionan con déficits neurocognitivos sutiles.; La investigación futura explorará biomarcadores sanguíneos de lesión neurológica para comprender estos efectos.