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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Mo-Kyung Sin1, Richard M Allman2, Charles Faselis3

  • 1Seattle University, Seattle, WA, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Incluso una ligera disminución en las puntuaciones del Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) dentro del rango normal se asocia con un mayor riesgo de enfermedad de Alzheimer y demencias relacionadas (ADRD) en adultos mayores. Este hallazgo sugiere que el MMSE puede ayudar a identificar personas para la prevención dirigida de ADRD.

Palabras clave:
enfermedad de AlzheimerdemenciaMMSEadultos mayoresriesgopuntuación cognitiva

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología; Neurología; Salud Pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • El deterioro de la función cognitiva es un factor de riesgo conocido para la enfermedad de Alzheimer y las demencias relacionadas (ADRD).; No se comprende bien la asociación entre las puntuaciones del Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) en el rango normal (27-30) y el riesgo de ADRD en adultos mayores.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la relación entre la función cognitiva normal, medida por puntuaciones del MMSE de 27-30, y el riesgo de desarrollar ADRD en adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad.; Determinar si una disminución en la puntuación del MMSE dentro del rango normal es un predictor independiente de ADRD.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de datos de 4433 adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad (≥65 años) con función cognitiva basal normal (MMSE 27-30) del Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS).; Comparación de las características basales y la ADRD incidente en las puntuaciones del MMSE de 30, 29, 28 y 27.; Uso de modelos multivariables de riesgos proporcionales de Cox para evaluar la asociación entre las puntuaciones del MMSE (29, 28, 27) y la ADRD incidente, con MMSE 30 como referencia, ajustando por 27 covariables.

Principales resultados:

  • Los participantes con puntuaciones normales bajas del MMSE (27-29) eran mayores y tenían puntuaciones más altas de deterioro de las actividades de la vida diaria (AVD) en comparación con aquellos con MMSE 30 (p < 0,001).; Los cocientes de riesgos ajustados de ADRD incidentes aumentaron incrementalmente con la disminución de las puntuaciones del MMSE: 1,42 para MMSE 29, 1,71 para MMSE 28 y 1,92 para MMSE 27, en comparación con MMSE 30 (p < 0,001 para todos).; La edad, el IMC, la diabetes, la depresión y el tabaquismo también fueron predictores significativos de ADRD.

Conclusiones:

  • Una disminución en la puntuación del MMSE a partir de 30, incluso dentro del rango normal, se asocia significativamente con un riesgo aumentado e independiente de desarrollar ADRD en adultos mayores.; El MMSE puede ser una herramienta valiosa para la estratificación del riesgo de adultos mayores con cognición normal, lo que permite estrategias de prevención dirigidas a la ADRD.