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Manifestaciones Clínicas

Rafi Haddad1,2, Elena Tsoy3, Judith Aharon-Peretz2,4

  • 1Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La Herramienta de Evaluación Cognitiva Basada en Tableta Brain Health Assessment (TabCAT-BHA) identifica eficazmente el deterioro cognitivo en israelíes de habla árabe. Esta herramienta culturalmente adaptada muestra una alta precisión, lo que ayuda en la detección temprana y aborda las disparidades en la atención médica.

Palabras clave:
Deterioro cognitivoEvaluación cognitivaSalud públicaDisparidades en la atención médicaIsraelPoblación de habla árabeHerramienta de evaluación cognitiva basada en tableta

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurología
  • Gerontología
  • Salud Pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • La demencia presenta un importante desafío de salud pública en Oriente Medio y África del Norte, afectando particularmente a las poblaciones de habla árabe.
  • Existen disparidades en la atención sanitaria cognitiva para las personas de habla árabe en Israel debido a la falta de evaluaciones adaptadas cultural y lingüísticamente.
  • Se necesitan medidas cognitivas breves y no dependientes del lenguaje para cerrar esta brecha.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar la validez concurrente y la precisión discriminatoria de la versión en árabe de la Herramienta de Evaluación Cognitiva Basada en Tableta Brain Health Assessment (TabCAT-BHA).
  • Evaluar la utilidad del TabCAT-BHA en la detección del deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores de habla árabe en Israel.

Principales métodos:

  • 57 adultos mayores con deterioro cognitivo (MCI o demencia) y 39 personas cognitivamente normales completaron el TabCAT-BHA en árabe.
  • Los participantes con deterioro cognitivo también completaron pruebas estándar en papel y lápiz para memoria verbal, memoria visual, habilidades visuoespaciales y velocidad de procesamiento.
  • Se utilizaron regresiones logísticas, curvas ROC y correlaciones de Pearson para evaluar la precisión discriminatoria y la validez concurrente, ajustando por edad, sexo y educación.

Principales resultados:

  • El TabCAT-BHA demostró una excelente precisión discriminatoria (AUC = 0.97, sensibilidad = 0.93, especificidad = 0.79) en la detección del deterioro cognitivo.
  • Se encontraron fuertes correlaciones entre subpruebas específicas del TabCAT-BHA y pruebas cognitivas estándar correspondientes (por ejemplo, Birdwatch con memoria visual, Favorites con memoria verbal).
  • La subprueba Match mostró asociaciones moderadas con todos los dominios cognitivos examinados, lo que refleja el papel de las funciones ejecutivas.

Conclusiones:

  • El TabCAT-BHA en árabe es una herramienta válida y eficiente para identificar el deterioro cognitivo en israelíes de habla árabe.
  • Los hallazgos respaldan el uso del TabCAT-BHA para abordar las disparidades en la atención sanitaria cognitiva en esta población.
  • La investigación futura se centrará en refinar las normas y confirmar su utilidad para la detección temprana de enfermedades en el Deterioro Cognitivo Leve.