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Dedo en martillo congénito: reporte de un caso

Ricardo Kaempf de Oliveira1, Paula Fischer2, Sergi Barrera-Ochoa3

  • 1Hand Surgeon at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Journal of hand surgery global online
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Resumen

La hipoplasia congénita del tendón extensor terminal causó una deformidad en dedo en martillo en un niño. La corrección quirúrgica, que implicó la reparación del tendón y un injerto perióstico, restauró con éxito la función y la apariencia.

Palabras clave:
BraquidactiliaHipoplasia congénitaTendón extensorDedo en martilloHipoplasia tendinosa

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Cirugía de mano
  • Ortopedia pediátrica
  • Anomalías congénitas de la mano

Sus antecedentes:

  • La hipoplasia congénita del tendón extensor terminal es una condición rara.
  • Puede provocar una deformidad similar al dedo en martillo, afectando la función del dedo.
  • El tratamiento conservador a menudo es insuficiente para esta condición.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Describir un caso raro de hipoplasia congénita del tendón extensor en un paciente pediátrico.
  • Presentar una técnica quirúrgica novedosa para corregir esta deformidad.
  • Evaluar la eficacia y los resultados de la intervención quirúrgica.

Principales métodos:

  • La corrección quirúrgica implicó la resección del segmento hipoplásico del tendón.
  • Se realizó la sutura directa de las porciones sanas del tendón.
  • Se utilizó un injerto perióstico de la falange media para el refuerzo.

Principales resultados:

  • Se logró la corrección exitosa de la deformidad en flexión de la articulación interfalángica distal.
  • El paciente no experimentó recurrencia de la deformidad ni limitaciones funcionales a los 12 meses posteriores a la cirugía.
  • Se reportaron excelentes resultados funcionales y cosméticos.

Conclusiones:

  • La técnica quirúrgica descrita es eficaz para corregir la hipoplasia congénita del tendón extensor.
  • Este enfoque restaura la función del dedo y proporciona resultados cosméticos satisfactorios.
  • La intervención quirúrgica temprana puede ser beneficiosa para las deformidades congénitas del dedo en martillo.