Aerogeles de carbono poroso 3D reforzados con nanofibras de carbono para la absorción sintonizable de ondas...

One of the main challenges electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption materials face is the difficulty to expand the effective bandwidth. Given that, here in this work, three-dimensional porous carbon-based composite aerogels were constructed by the strategy of "carbon nanofiber-assisted pyrolysis of melamine-formaldehyde resin", which not only effectively reduces the material density but also promotes multiple scattering, establishes a continuous conductive network, introduces rich C/C hetero-interfaces, and achieves synergistic multi-mechanism loss. At a thickness of 3.5 mm, the MD-CFPC2 sample achieves a minimum reflection loss of -42.38 dB at 6.26 GHz, and the effective absorption bandwidth (RL ≤ -10 dB) covers more than 70% of the 2-18 GHz range, showing excellent low-frequency tunability. This work demonstrates the importance of design and control of pore structures in broadening the bandwidth of carbon-based EM wave absorption materials.